ATI RN
Pediatric Nclex Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 9
Head circumference (HC) increase in the first 3 months of life by
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the first 3 months, head circumference typically increases by about 1 cm per month.
Question 2 of 9
Which clinical manifestations should the nurse anticipate when assessing a child admitted to the hospital unit with a diagnosis of minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) is characterized by massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema. Proteinuria results from the loss of proteins, particularly albumin, in the urine, leading to hypoalbuminemia. The low oncotic pressure due to hypoalbuminemia causes fluid to shift into the interstitial spaces, resulting in edema. These clinical manifestations are classic signs of MCNS and help differentiate it from other renal conditions.
Question 3 of 9
When discussing the correction of hypospadias in a newborn, what does the nurse explain about this condition?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypospadias is a congenital condition where the opening of the urethra is on the underside of the penis. Surgical repair is the primary treatment for hypospadias and is usually recommended to be done before 18 months of age. This timing is preferred for optimal cosmetic and functional outcomes. Waiting until preschool age for corrective surgery may increase the complexity of the procedure and potential complications. Correcting hypospadias does not impact the risk of testicular cancer.
Question 4 of 9
The body mass index (screening tool for children and adolescents to identify those overweight or at risk for being overweight) is defined as
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: BMI is calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared.
Question 5 of 9
A healthcare provider is preparing to administer ibuprofen 5 mg per kg every 6 hours PRN for temperatures above 38.0 degrees Celsius or 100.5 degrees Fahrenheit to an infant who weighs 17.6 lb. The infant has a temperature of 38.4 degrees Celsius or 101.2 degrees Fahrenheit. Available is ibuprofen liquid 100 mg/5 ml. How many milliliters should the healthcare provider administer to the infant?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: To calculate the correct dosage, first convert the infant's weight to kilograms: 17.6 lb = 8 kg. The prescribed dose is 5 mg/kg, so for an 8 kg infant, the total dose required is 40 mg. Since the available ibuprofen liquid is 100 mg/5 ml, to find out how many milliliters to administer, divide the total dose (40 mg) by the concentration of the liquid (100 mg/5 ml), which equals 2 ml. Therefore, the healthcare provider should administer 2 ml of ibuprofen to the infant.
Question 6 of 9
Which child is at risk for developing glomerulonephritis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Impetigo (often due to group A Streptococcus) is associated with post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis.
Question 7 of 9
A parent of an infant with congenital hypothyroidism is receiving teaching from a nurse. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Congenital hypothyroidism requires lifelong medication to manage the condition effectively. The nurse should emphasize to the parent that their child will need to take the medication for life to ensure proper thyroid hormone levels and prevent complications associated with hypothyroidism.
Question 8 of 9
Which model of practice emphasizes the child's subjective experience of their abilities?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Model of Human Occupation (MOHO) emphasizes the child's subjective experience of their abilities, focusing on their motivation, roles, habits, and routines. It considers how these factors influence their occupational performance. MOHO helps occupational therapists understand how a child's perceptions of their abilities impact their engagement in meaningful activities and occupations.
Question 9 of 9
A school-age child is 2 hours postoperative following a tonsillectomy. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: After a tonsillectomy, applying an ice collar to the child's neck helps decrease pain and swelling. Heat should be avoided as it can increase bleeding. Encouraging coughing may increase the risk of bleeding. Administering analgesics on a regular schedule is essential for pain management, but the immediate postoperative period may require additional interventions like ice collar application.