ATI RN
Chapter 14 Nutrition and Fluid Balance Questions
Question 1 of 5
H CO is a weaker acid than HCl because it dissociates faster. 2 3
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: FALSE. The strength of an acid is determined by its tendency to donate protons, not by the speed of dissociation. HCl is a stronger acid than HCO3- because it completely dissociates into H+ and Cl- ions in water, while HCO3- only partially dissociates into H+ and HCO3- ions. Therefore, the statement that HCO3- is a weaker acid than HCl because it dissociates faster is incorrect. Choice A is incorrect because it does not consider the fundamental concept of acid strength. Choices C and D are not relevant to the question.
Question 2 of 5
The respiratory system can only partially counteract any deviations in body pH.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: TRUE. The respiratory system plays a crucial role in regulating the body's pH by controlling the levels of carbon dioxide in the blood through respiration. However, it can only partially counteract deviations in body pH because it cannot rapidly adjust to extreme changes. Other choices (B, C, D) are incorrect because the respiratory system does have a role in pH regulation, even though it is not the only system involved.
Question 3 of 5
During respiratory compensation for metabolic alkalosis, breathing becomes slower and shallower.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: FALSE. During respiratory compensation for metabolic alkalosis, breathing actually becomes faster and deeper to expel excess carbon dioxide and increase blood pH. Slower and shallower breathing would exacerbate alkalosis by retaining more CO2. Choice A is incorrect because it contradicts the physiological response to metabolic alkalosis. Choices C and D are not applicable since they do not provide any useful information regarding the question.
Question 4 of 5
Respiratory alkalosis occurs as a consequence of hyperventilation because CO is blown off more quickly than it is produced, decreasing the amount of carbonic acid in the body fluids.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Hyperventilation leads to increased exhalation of CO2. 2. Reduced CO2 levels result in decreased carbonic acid formation. 3. The decrease in carbonic acid causes alkalosis. 4. Therefore, respiratory alkalosis occurs due to CO2 being removed faster than produced. Other choices (B, C, D) are incorrect as they do not provide a logical explanation for respiratory alkalosis.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who has a massive burn injury and possible
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because in a patient with a massive burn injury, the most concerning assessment data would be related to the extent and depth of the burns, the presence of airway compromise, and signs of infection or sepsis. These factors can significantly impact the patient's prognosis and require immediate intervention. Choice B is not the most concerning as urine output of 30 mL/hr may be expected in a burn patient due to fluid shifts and decreased perfusion. Choice C indicates hypotension, which is concerning but not as immediate as assessing the extent and severity of the burns. Choice D, while indicating inadequate fluid intake, is not the most critical assessment in this scenario compared to evaluating the burn injury itself and potential complications. Therefore, choice A is the correct answer as it focuses on the most critical aspect of care for a patient with a massive burn injury.