ATI RN
Hematological System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Gum bleeding is characteristic of all except:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because gum bleeding is not a characteristic of chronic phenytoin therapy. Phenytoin is used to treat seizures and does not directly cause gum bleeding. Aplastic anemia (B), scurvy (C), and hemophilia (D) are conditions that can lead to gum bleeding. Aplastic anemia is a bone marrow disorder, scurvy is a vitamin C deficiency, and hemophilia is a blood clotting disorder. Therefore, they are associated with gum bleeding.
Question 2 of 5
All may complicate BM transplantation except:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, emphysema. Emphysema is a chronic lung condition and does not directly complicate bone marrow transplantation. Cataract formation, leucoencephalopathy, and cardiomyopathy are potential complications due to radiation or chemotherapy used in the procedure affecting the eyes, brain, and heart, respectively. Emphysema is not related to the transplantation process and does not typically arise as a complication.
Question 3 of 5
Decrease iron &decrease iron binding capacity are seen in:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: chronic infection. Chronic infection leads to the release of hepcidin, which decreases iron absorption and iron binding capacity. This results in decreased iron levels. Recurrent GIT bleeding (A) and menorrhagia (D) lead to iron loss, resulting in decreased iron but increased iron binding capacity compensating for the loss. Intestinal resection (B) can lead to decreased iron absorption but not necessarily decreased iron binding capacity.
Question 4 of 5
Which is associated with prolonged bleeding time:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Von Willebrand disease. Von Willebrand factor plays a crucial role in platelet adhesion and clot formation. Deficiency or dysfunction of this factor leads to prolonged bleeding time. Choice A, polycythemia vera, is associated with increased red blood cell production but does not directly affect bleeding time. Choice C, antiphospholipid syndrome, causes blood clots rather than prolonged bleeding. Choice D, hemophilia, is a clotting disorder but does not necessarily result in prolonged bleeding time.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is planning the care of a patient who has been admitted to the medical unit with a diagnosis of multiple myeloma. In the patient's care plan, the nurse has identified a diagnosis of Risk for Injury. What pathophysiologic effect of multiple myeloma most contributes to this risk?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Multiple myeloma is a cancer of plasma cells, leading to bone destruction due to excessive bone resorption. Step 2: Decreased bone density is a common complication of multiple myeloma, increasing the risk of fractures. Step 3: Fractures due to weakened bones can lead to falls and subsequent injuries, supporting the Risk for Injury diagnosis. Summary: Choice C is correct because decreased bone density from multiple myeloma directly contributes to the patient's risk for injury. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they are not pathophysiologic effects associated with multiple myeloma.