ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Practice A Questions
Question 1 of 5
Group of drugs which acts on amixed group of receptors:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mixed agonist-antagonist drugs exhibit both agonistic and antagonistic properties at different receptor sites. These drugs can act as agonists at certain receptors while acting as antagonists at other receptors. This classification of drugs is distinct from pure agonists, pure antagonists, or partial agonists, as mixed agonist-antagonist drugs have a more complex mechanism of action. An example of a mixed agonist-antagonist drug is buprenorphine, which acts as a partial agonist at the mu opioid receptor and an antagonist at the kappa opioid receptor.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is performing a health history on a patient who is ordered to begin therapy with valproic
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Valproic acid is known to have potential hepatotoxicity, meaning it can damage the liver. Therefore, if a patient already has liver disease, it can increase the risk of further liver damage when taking valproic acid. The nurse needs to be particularly cautious when a patient with pre-existing liver disease is prescribed this medication, as close monitoring of liver function tests will be necessary to detect any signs of liver damage early on. It is important to assess and consider the patient's liver condition before initiating valproic acid therapy to prevent potential adverse effects.
Question 3 of 5
Which class of targeted therapy would cause the nurse the most concern in regard to a possible infusion reaction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Monoclonal antibodies, such as trastuzumab and rituximab, are more likely to cause infusion reactions compared to other classes of targeted therapy. These reactions can range from mild symptoms like fever and chills to severe anaphylaxis. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors, multikinase inhibitors, and proteasome inhibitors are less commonly associated with infusion reactions. The nurse should closely monitor patients receiving monoclonal antibodies during infusion and be prepared to manage any adverse reactions promptly.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse has a patient demonstrate self-administration of eyedrops. Place the steps in the order in which the patient will perform them.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct order for self-administering eyedrops is: 1. Wash hands (g). 2. Remove the cap (d). 3. Gently shake the bottle to evenly distribute the drug (b). 4. Tilt the head backward and look upward (e). 5. Pull the lower lid away from the eye so that a pouch is formed (a). 6. Place the dropper just above the pouch without touching the tip to the eye or finger (f). 7. Gently squeeze one drop of medicine into the pouch (h). 8. Press a finger against the inner corner of the eye for 2 to 3 minutes (c). This sequence ensures proper administration and minimizes the risk of contamination or systemic absorption.
Question 5 of 5
A 77-year-old man who has been diagnosed with an upper respiratory tract infection tells the nurse that he is allergic to penicillin. Which is the most appropriate response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When a patient reports a drug allergy, it is essential for the nurse to gather specific information about the nature of the reaction. Asking, 'What type of reaction did you have when you took penicillin?' allows the nurse to determine whether the reaction was a true allergy (e.g., anaphylaxis) or a side effect (e.g., gastrointestinal upset). This information is critical for guiding treatment decisions and avoiding potentially life-threatening situations. Dismissing the allergy or making assumptions about its relevance based on the patient's age is inappropriate and could compromise patient safety. Therefore, the nurse's priority is to assess the details of the allergic reaction.