ATI RN
Cardiovascular Inflammation Drug Questions
Question 1 of 5
Granulocytopenia, gastrointestinal irritation, gingival hyperplasia, and facial hirsutism are possible adverse effects of:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: Identify the adverse effects mentioned in the question: Granulocytopenia, gastrointestinal irritation, gingival hyperplasia, and facial hirsutism. Step 2: Recognize the common side effects associated with each drug. Step 3: Phenytoin is known to cause granulocytopenia, gingival hyperplasia, and facial hirsutism. It can also cause gastrointestinal irritation. Step 4: Eliminate other choices: Phenobarbital is not known to cause these side effects. Carbamazepine does not commonly lead to gingival hyperplasia or facial hirsutism. Valproate does not typically cause these specific adverse effects. Step 5: Therefore, the correct answer is D (Phenytoin) as it matches all the mentioned adverse effects.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following opioid agents is used in the treatment of acute opioid overdose?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Naloxone. Naloxone is a pure opioid antagonist that quickly reverses the effects of opioid overdose by competing for opioid receptor sites. It is used in the treatment of acute opioid overdose to rapidly restore normal respiration and consciousness. Choice A: Pentazocine is a mixed opioid agonist-antagonist and is not used to treat opioid overdose. Choice B: Methadone is a long-acting opioid agonist primarily used for opioid maintenance therapy, not for acute overdose reversal. Choice D: Remifentanil is a short-acting opioid analgesic used during surgery and is not indicated for opioid overdose treatment.
Question 3 of 5
Extrapyramidal reactions can be treated by:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Benztropine mesylate. Benztropine is an anticholinergic medication that helps alleviate extrapyramidal reactions by blocking excess acetylcholine activity in the brain. Levodopa (A) is used to treat Parkinson's disease but can worsen extrapyramidal reactions. Bromocriptine (C) is a dopamine agonist used in Parkinson's disease, not for treating extrapyramidal reactions directly. Dopamine (D) itself is not used to treat extrapyramidal reactions as it does not directly address the underlying mechanism of the condition.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following antidepressants may have latency period as short as 48 hours?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tranylcypromine. Tranylcypromine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) that can rapidly increase synaptic concentrations of neurotransmitters. Due to this mechanism of action, it can have a short latency period of as little as 48 hours. Incorrect answers: B: Imipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant that typically takes 2-4 weeks to show therapeutic effects. C: Fluoxetine is an SSRI that usually takes 2-6 weeks for full efficacy. D: Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant with a similar latency period to imipramine, typically 2-4 weeks.
Question 5 of 5
Piracetam can produce all of the following effects EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Antipsychotic. Piracetam is a nootropic drug known for its cognitive-enhancing properties, not for its antipsychotic effects. Piracetam is commonly used for improving memory, learning, and concentration. Anticonvulsant (B), Psychometabolic (C), and Antihypoxic (D) effects are well-documented with Piracetam use. Antipsychotic effects are not a recognized pharmacological action of Piracetam.