ATI RN
Test Bank For Pharmacology Questions
Question 1 of 4
Glyceryl trinitrate for angina is most effective when given in what route?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Glyceryl trinitrate, also known as nitroglycerin, is most effective for the treatment of angina when given sublingually (under the tongue). This route allows for rapid absorption of the medication directly into the bloodstream, providing quick relief of angina symptoms. Sublingual administration ensures the drug bypasses the first-pass metabolism in the liver, resulting in higher bioavailability compared to oral administration. The sublingual route also allows for a faster onset of action, making it the preferred route for the management of acute angina episodes.
Question 2 of 4
A dopamine infusion was started in a patient's antecubital vein during resuscitation for profound hypotension, but the electronic infusion device is now sounding an alert for an occlusion. What is the most important immediate concern for the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dopamine is a vasopressor used to treat hypotension by increasing cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance. An interruption in the infusion can lead to a sudden drop in blood pressure, which is life-threatening in a patient already experiencing profound hypotension. The nurse's immediate concern should be to ensure the infusion is restarted promptly. While infiltration and extravasation (A) are concerns, they are secondary to maintaining the infusion. Reporting the device (C) is not the priority, and hypertension (D) is unlikely due to an occlusion alarm.
Question 3 of 4
A patient is taking infliximab and asks the nurse what side effects/adverse reactions to expect from this drug. The nurse lists which side effects? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Infliximab is a biologic medication used to treat autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease. Common side effects include fatigue and headache, which are generally mild but can affect the patient's quality of life. Chest pain is a less common but serious side effect that may indicate cardiovascular complications or infusion reactions. Nausea is not typically associated with infliximab. Nurses should educate patients about these potential side effects and advise them to report any severe or persistent symptoms, such as chest pain, immediately.
Question 4 of 4
In infants and children, the side effects of first-generation over-the-counter (OTC) antihistamines, such as diphenhydramine (Benadryl) and hydroxyzine (Atarax) include:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: First-generation antihistamines can cause paradoxical central nervous system (CNS) stimulation in children, leading to hyperactivity, agitation, and insomnia. This is contrary to their sedative effects in adults. Reye's syndrome is associated with aspirin, not antihistamines. Cholinergic effects and gastrointestinal symptoms are less common in children.