Glucocorticoids impair carbohydrate tolerance by:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because glucocorticoids promote gluconeogenesis in the liver, increasing glucose production, and depress glucose uptake into skeletal muscles, leading to hyperglycemia. Choice A alone is correct as it contributes to elevated blood glucose levels. Choice B also plays a role by reducing glucose utilization in muscles. Choice C is incorrect as glucocorticoids do not directly inhibit insulin secretion. These mechanisms collectively contribute to impaired carbohydrate tolerance in individuals taking glucocorticoids.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Corticosteroid therapy is practically mandatory in renal transplant recipients to prevent organ rejection by suppressing the immune response. In renal transplant, the body identifies the new kidney as foreign and attacks it. Corticosteroids help modulate the immune system to prevent rejection. In septic shock, prompt antibiotics and supportive care are essential. In rheumatoid arthritis, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs are preferred. In ulcerative colitis, corticosteroids may be used but are not mandatory.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Abrupt withdrawal may reactivate the underlying disease. When corticosteroids are used chronically, the body's natural production of cortisol is suppressed. Abruptly stopping corticosteroid therapy can lead to adrenal insufficiency and potentially reactivate the underlying disease due to the sudden drop in cortisol levels. Option A is incorrect because corticosteroids do not produce psychological dependence. Option C is incorrect as rebound hypertension is not a typical consequence of corticosteroid withdrawal. Option D is incorrect as only option B is directly related to the physiological consequences of abrupt corticosteroid withdrawal.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because testosterone and dihydrotestosterone are typically administered through intramuscular or transdermal routes. Intramuscular injection ensures direct delivery into the bloodstream, while transdermal patches allow for gradual absorption through the skin. Oral administration is not preferred due to liver metabolism. Therefore, options A and C alone are not sufficient. The combination of both intramuscular (B) and transdermal (C) routes provides effective and reliable delivery for treating hypogonadism and impotence.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Anabolic steroids are not legitimate for enhancing sports performance due to ethical and health risks. Suboptimal growth in children, senile osteoporosis, and hypoplastic anemia are valid medical uses of anabolic steroids. Sports performance enhancement can lead to unfair competition, health issues, and legal implications.