ATI RN
Gastrointestinal System Nursing Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Gastric enzymes are secreted by the _____ cells.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: chief cells. Chief cells are responsible for secreting gastric enzymes, such as pepsinogen, in the stomach. These enzymes play a crucial role in breaking down proteins during digestion. Goblet cells (B) secrete mucus, parietal cells (C) secrete hydrochloric acid, and oxyntic cells (D) are another term for parietal cells. Therefore, the correct choice is A as chief cells specifically produce gastric enzymes.
Question 2 of 5
Fatty acids and glycerol are released when _____ are broken down by liver or muscle cells.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: chylomicrons. Chylomicrons are lipoprotein particles that transport dietary lipids (including fatty acids and glycerol) from the small intestine to the liver or muscle cells for metabolism. When chylomicrons reach the liver or muscles, lipoprotein lipase breaks them down, releasing fatty acids and glycerol for energy production or storage. Now, let's analyze why the other choices are incorrect: A: Micelles are small lipid droplets formed in the small intestine to aid in lipid digestion and absorption, but they do not release fatty acids and glycerol when broken down. C: Lacteals are lymphatic vessels in the small intestine that absorb dietary fats, but they do not release fatty acids and glycerol. D: Lipoproteins are involved in transporting lipids in the bloodstream but do not release fatty acids and glycerol when broken down.
Question 3 of 5
Na+ and other carrier ions facilitate absorption of
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Na+ facilitates the absorption of glucose and amino acids through sodium-dependent transporters in the intestinal cells. Glucose and amino acids are transported into the cells along with Na+ ions, making option D the correct choice. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because Na+ does not facilitate the absorption of fructose, fatty acids, or glycerol through specific transport mechanisms.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing care for a client who had a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Which of the following is an appropriate nursing action?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Instruct the client not to lift over 4.5 kg (10 lb). Rationale: 1. Lifting restrictions are crucial post-laparoscopic cholecystectomy to prevent strain on the surgical site. 2. Lifting heavy objects can lead to complications such as incisional hernias or wound dehiscence. 3. Following lifting restrictions aids in the proper healing of the surgical incisions. 4. Placing the client in a supine position (A) may be uncomfortable due to gas used during surgery. Ambulation (B) is important but not the priority immediately post-op. Offering ice cream (C) is not relevant to postoperative care.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new colostomy. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it is important for the nurse to educate the client that fecal output should be expected within 24 hours after colostomy surgery. This information is crucial for the client to understand the functioning of the colostomy and to monitor for any potential issues. Choice B is incorrect because increasing dietary intake of raw vegetables may not be suitable for all colostomy patients and can potentially lead to digestive issues. Choice C is incorrect because a purplish color of the stoma is not a normal finding and could indicate inadequate blood supply or other complications that should be promptly addressed by a healthcare provider. Choice D is incorrect because experiencing bleeding around the stoma is abnormal and should be reported to the healthcare provider immediately for further evaluation.