ATI RN
Gastrointestinal Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Gall stones result from the precipitation of ______ in the gallbladder.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: cholesterol. Gallstones are primarily formed from the precipitation of cholesterol in the gallbladder due to imbalances in bile components. Cholesterol stones are the most common type of gallstones. Calcium salts (B) can contribute to gallstone formation but are not the primary component. Uric acid salts (C) are associated with kidney stones, not gallstones. Urea (D) is a waste product excreted in urine and is not involved in gallstone formation.
Question 2 of 5
The stomach lining contains several types of cells. Which statement about them is correct?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because mucous cells in the stomach lining secrete the glycoprotein mucin, which helps protect the stomach lining from the acidic environment and digestive enzymes. This is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the stomach wall and preventing damage. Chief cells (option B) secrete pepsinogen, not gastrin. Parietal cells (option C) secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor, not pepsinogen. G cells (option D) secrete gastrin, a hormone that stimulates acid secretion but do not secrete hydrochloric acid directly. Therefore, option A is correct as it accurately describes the function of mucous cells in the stomach lining.
Question 3 of 5
Neurons interact with each other in complex ways, forming networks. Which statement is true regarding neural networks in the brain?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because during the teen years, the brain undergoes significant changes in neural connections. New connections are formed through processes like synaptic pruning, which strengthens important connections and eliminates unnecessary ones. This dynamic phase is crucial for learning and adapting to new experiences. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because neural networks in the brain are not static and unchanging. The brain continues to reorganize and adapt throughout life, with myelination increasing to improve signal transmission efficiency, not decreasing as in choice D. Choice C is also incorrect as brain size does not significantly increase during the teen years, but rather the focus is on optimizing existing neural connections.
Question 4 of 5
Why is mitochondrial DNA particularly susceptible to damage?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because mitochondria are the main source of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can damage DNA. Mitochondrial DNA is located near the electron transport chain where ROS are produced. This proximity increases the chances of oxidative damage to the mitochondrial DNA. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because mitochondrial DNA polymerase does have some proof-reading activity, oxygen content is necessary for mitochondrial function, and mitochondrial DNA damage is not solely due to aging but also due to ROS production.
Question 5 of 5
You are caring for an obese post-operative client who underwent surgery for bowel resection. As the client is moving in bed, he states, 'Something popped open.' Upon examination, you note wound evisceration. Place the following steps in order for handling this complication.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.