ATI RN
Assessment of Genitourinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Furosemide acts by inhibiting the following in the renal tubular cell:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Furosemide inhibits the Na+K+/2Cl- transporter in the renal tubular cell specifically in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle. This leads to decreased reabsorption of sodium, potassium, and chloride ions, resulting in increased excretion of water and electrolytes. The other choices, Na+K+ ATPase (A), Na+/Cl- transporter (B), and Na+H+ antiporter (D), are not the primary target of furosemide in the kidney and do not lead to the same diuretic effect.
Question 2 of 5
Measurement of the functions of a nephron reveals a glomerular capillary pressure of 59 mm Hg, and a pressure in the capsular space of 15 mm Hg. Assuming that the blood colloid osmotic pressure is 30 mm Hg, and that essentially no plasma proteins are filtered by the glomerulus, what is the net filtration pressure in this case?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D (74 mm Hg). The net filtration pressure can be calculated using the formula: Net Filtration Pressure = Glomerular Capillary Pressure - Capsular Space Pressure - Blood Colloid Osmotic Pressure. Substituting the given values: 59 mm Hg - 15 mm Hg - 30 mm Hg = 14 mm Hg. Since the question states that essentially no plasma proteins are filtered by the glomerulus, the Blood Colloid Osmotic Pressure should not be subtracted. Therefore, the correct calculation is: 59 mm Hg - 15 mm Hg = 44 mm Hg. This is why choice D (74 mm Hg) is the correct answer. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not consider the proper calculation of net filtration pressure.
Question 3 of 5
Hypocapnia refers to:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hypocapnia refers to low levels of carbon dioxide in the blood. This can result from hyperventilation, leading to excessive elimination of CO2. Choice A (Low oxygen) is incorrect because hypocapnia is not related to oxygen levels. Choice B (Low hemoglobin) is incorrect as hypocapnia is not specifically related to hemoglobin levels. Choice D (blank) is obviously incorrect as it provides no information.
Question 4 of 5
A 52-year-old patient is scheduled to undergo ileal prostatectomy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Warm compresses to the perineum can help the patient relax and provide comfort before ileal prostatectomy. This intervention addresses the patient's psychological and physical well-being. Choice B is incorrect as medication administration to relax the bladder is not directly related to preparing for ileal prostatectomy. Choice C is incorrect as impaired mobility related to muscle limitations and reattempting catheterization are not primary concerns before the surgery. Choice D is incorrect as the patient's knowledge deficit on care of the ileal conduit is not the immediate priority before the surgery.
Question 5 of 5
A patient being treated in the hospital has been outlet obstruction can cause what?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hydronephrosis. Outlet obstruction can lead to a buildup of urine in the kidney, causing distention and pressure on the renal pelvis and calyces, resulting in hydronephrosis. This can lead to complications such as renal impairment and infection. Summary of incorrect choices: B: Nephritic syndrome is a condition characterized by inflammation of the glomeruli in the kidney, not directly related to outlet obstruction. C: Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection of the kidneys and usually results from ascending urinary tract infections, not outlet obstruction. D: Using a slipper bedpan is not related to the physiological consequences of outlet obstruction.