ATI RN
Quizlet Pharmacology ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
Fundamental action of drugs that can be used as substitute for what is lacking in the body.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The fundamental action of drugs that can be used as a substitute for what is lacking in the body falls under the category of Replacement. In medical terms, replacement therapy is a type of treatment that involves replacing a hormone or other important substance that is deficient or lacking in the body. For example, individuals with hypothyroidism are often prescribed levothyroxine as a replacement therapy to make up for the thyroid hormone deficiency in their body. Similarly, insulin is used to replace the deficient insulin in individuals with diabetes. Therefore, when drugs are administered to compensate for a deficiency or lack of a specific substance in the body, they are categorized under the fundamental action of Replacement.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is taking aspirin for secondary prevention of myocardial infarction and is experiencing moderate gastrointestinal upset. The nurse will contact the patient's provider to discuss changing from aspirin to which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The patient is experiencing gastrointestinal upset from taking aspirin. Enteric-coated aspirin would be a suitable alternative in this case because the special coating on the aspirin helps protect the stomach lining and reduces the risk of gastrointestinal irritation. Switching to an enteric-coated aspirin can still provide the antiplatelet benefits needed for secondary prevention of myocardial infarction while minimizing the gastrointestinal side effects. It is important to address the patient's symptoms while ensuring that they continue to receive appropriate treatment for their medical condition.
Question 3 of 5
What medication, if ordered for an 8-year-old patient, should the nurse question? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Amiodarone, labetalol, and carvedilol are not indicated for pediatric use and do not have established pediatric dosages. Phentolamine and prazosin have established pediatric dosages and would not need to be questioned. The nurse should always verify the appropriateness of medications for pediatric patients, as their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics differ from adults.
Question 4 of 5
The health care provider orders a hypertonic crystalloid IV solution for a 70-year-old patient. Which solution will the nurse hang?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration than plasma, drawing fluid into the intravascular space. 5% dextrose in 0.9% sodium chloride (D) is hypertonic. Lactated Ringer's (A) and 0.45% sodium chloride (B) are hypotonic, while 0.9% sodium chloride (C) is isotonic. Hypertonic solutions are used to treat severe hyponatremia or cerebral edema but must be administered cautiously to avoid fluid overload.
Question 5 of 5
A pregnant patient who is at 32 weeks' gestation has a cold and calls the office to ask about taking an over-the-counter medication that is rated as pregnancy category A. Which answer by the nurse is correct?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pregnancy category A indicates that adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus. Therefore, the nurse can reassure the patient that the medication is safe to take as directed. The other options either overstate the risk or provide incomplete information. It is important for the nurse to provide accurate and evidence-based guidance to ensure the safety of both the patient and the fetus.