For which patient would it be most important for the nurse to urge immediate discontinuation of kava? A patient with a comorbid diagnosis of

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: cirrhosis. Kava is metabolized in the liver and can potentially worsen liver function. In patients with cirrhosis, the liver is already compromised, so the nurse should urge immediate discontinuation to prevent further harm. Osteoarthritis, multiple sclerosis, and chronic back pain are not directly affected by kava's metabolism in the liver, so discontinuation is not as critical for these conditions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C - a patient with mild depressive symptoms would most likely benefit from taking St. John's wort due to its potential antidepressant effects. St. John's wort is commonly used as a natural remedy for mild to moderate depression. It works by increasing the levels of serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine in the brain, which can help improve mood and alleviate depressive symptoms. Choice A (mood swings) is incorrect because St. John's wort is not typically used to address mood swings. Choice B (hypomanic symptoms) is also incorrect as St. John's wort may worsen manic symptoms in individuals with bipolar disorder. Choice D (panic disorder with agoraphobia) is not the most likely condition to benefit from St. John's wort, as it is not primarily used for treating panic disorders.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Anorexia nervosa. The patient displays key symptoms such as severe restriction of food intake leading to significantly low body weight, fear of gaining weight, distorted body image, and amenorrhea. These criteria align with the diagnosis of anorexia nervosa according to the DSM-5. Choices A, C, and D do not fully capture the severity and specific characteristics exhibited by the patient. Choice A lacks the criteria for anorexia nervosa, while choices C and D do not match the symptoms described in the scenario.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements related to refusal to eat, as evidenced by loss of 25% of body weight and hypokalemia. Rationale: 1. Imbalanced nutrition: The patient's history of virtually stopping eating and losing 25% of body weight indicates a lack of adequate nutrition intake. 2. Less than body requirements: The significant weight loss and prolonged period of decreased food intake support this nursing diagnosis. 3. Refusal to eat: The patient's behavior of stopping eating aligns with this diagnosis. 4. Loss of 25% of body weight: This is a critical indicator of severe malnutrition. 5. Hypokalemia: Low serum potassium levels (2.7 mg/dL) are associated with inadequate nutrition intake and support the diagnosis of imbalanced nutrition. Summary: A: Incorrect. The patient's history does not mention abuse of laxatives. B: Incorrect. There is no mention of self-induced vomiting or

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Reports of serum electrolytes. This is crucial as patients with anorexia nervosa are at risk of refeeding syndrome, characterized by electrolyte imbalances. Monitoring serum electrolytes helps detect potential complications such as hypophosphatemia, which can lead to cardiac and respiratory failure. A: Pupillary reaction to light is important but not as critical as monitoring electrolytes in this context. B: Temperature measurements are important for general assessment, but electrolyte monitoring takes precedence in refeeding complications. D: Complaints of sleep disturbances are relevant but do not directly assess the risk of refeeding syndrome.