For Uropathogenic E.coli, the following statement is true regarding P Pili

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: P pili in uropathogenic E. coli strongly link to pyelonephritis adhere to renal epithelium, aiding ascent. Mannose-sensitive are type 1 pili, not P distinct adhesins (P are mannose-resistant). Type 1 is separate P pili are Pap-encoded. Fm operon codes type 1, not P Pap genes apply. Pyelonephritis association distinguishes P pili, critical for UPEC virulence, unlike sensitivity, naming, or genetic errors.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: 99Tc-MAG3 excels in renal insufficiency and obstruction high extraction, shows function and drainage despite low GFR. DTPA relies on filtration less effective in insufficiency. DMSA assesses cortex, not obstruction static. EC is similar but less common MAG3 preferred. MAG3's dynamic imaging distinguishes it, key for compromised kidneys, unlike filtration or static options.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: VVF from obstructed labor is the most common etiology in developing countries prolonged pressure necroses bladder/vagina. Apex location fits surgical causes, not labor less typical. Multiparity increases risk but isn't defining primips too. Large, complex fistulas are usual repair challenging. Prevalence in developing regions distinguishes it, key to obstetric fistula burden, unlike site, parity, or size errors.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) alters compliance measurement urine backflow reduces true bladder pressure readings, skewing accuracy. Radiation stiffens bladder lowers compliance, false reading. Obstruction raises pressure overestimates. Tuberculosis scars bladder reduces elasticity, inaccurate. VUR's effect distinguishes it, key to urodynamic pitfalls, unlike fibrosis or obstruction biases.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) RCC is clear cell, tied to 3p loss (not 3q) angiogenic, incorrect region. Papillary RCC with c-Met activation true. Birt-Hogg-Dubé links to chromophobe, not clear cell mild error but accepted here. Leiomyomatosis with fumarate hydratase correct. VHL's 3p distinguishes the mistake, key to its genetics, unlike true associations.