For maximum loading of hemoglobin with oxygen at the lungs, the

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because a higher PO2 gradient between alveoli and blood promotes greater oxygen binding to hemoglobin in the lungs. A high PCO2 (choice A) would actually decrease oxygen binding, while a slightly acidic pH (choice B) can affect oxygen dissociation but not loading. Having a PO2 of about 70 mm Hg (choice C) is not optimal for maximum loading as it is lower than what is typically found in the alveoli during normal breathing.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: visceral and parietal pleurae. The visceral pleura covers the surface of the lungs, while the parietal pleura lines the thoracic cavity. They form a double-layered membrane that helps reduce friction during breathing. Choices B and C are incorrect because the mediastinum is a central compartment in the thoracic cavity, not a layer of the pleura. Choice D is incorrect as it does not provide a valid alternative.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 500 million alveoli. The adult lung consists of approximately 300 million alveoli at birth, with an additional 200 million alveoli developing postnatally. This total of 500 million alveoli maximizes the surface area for efficient gas exchange in the lungs. Therefore, choice A is correct. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately represent the estimated number of alveoli in the adult lung based on scientific research and anatomical studies.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the formation of the Adam's apple is influenced by the production of sex hormones, which increases during puberty, leading to growth in the laryngeal prominence. This growth is more prominent in males due to higher levels of testosterone. Therefore, all the factors mentioned in choices A, B, and C contribute to the formation of the Adam's apple.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (A): - Postural drainage treatments are most effective in the morning to clear the lungs of accumulated secretions. - Performing treatments first thing in the morning can help mobilize and expel fluids that have accumulated overnight. - This timing aligns with the natural process of the body clearing secretions upon waking up. Summary of Incorrect Choices: B: Having treatments after breakfast does not align with the optimal timing for postural drainage. C: Having treatments after lunch does not relate to the ideal timing for postural drainage treatments. D: Having treatments right before bed is not ideal as the patient may not benefit as much compared to morning sessions.