ATI RN
Multiple Choice Questions and Answers on Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
For a patient with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which nursing action best promotes adequate gas exchange?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Using a high-flow venturi mask to deliver oxygen as prescribed. This is the best option as it directly addresses the issue of promoting adequate gas exchange in a patient with advanced COPD. The high-flow venturi mask delivers oxygen at a precise concentration, ensuring optimal oxygenation. Encouraging the patient to drink fluids (A) is important for overall health but does not directly address gas exchange. Keeping the patient in semi-Fowler's position (B) can help with breathing but is not as effective as providing supplemental oxygen. Administering a sedative (D) can further depress the respiratory system and worsen gas exchange, making it an inappropriate choice.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is instructing a hospitalized client with a diagnosis of emphysema about measures that will enhance the effectiveness of breathing during dyspneic periods. Which of the following positions will the nurse instruct the client to assume?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, sitting on the side of the bed and leaning on an overbed table. This position promotes maximum expansion of the thorax, allowing for improved lung ventilation. Leaning forward helps reduce the work of breathing and facilitates better airflow. Options A and C do not provide the same level of thoracic expansion and may not be as effective. Option B may not provide the necessary support for the client to lean forward and optimize breathing.
Question 3 of 5
The client with which of the following types of lung cancer metastasizes quickly?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Oat cell. Oat cell (small cell) lung cancer metastasizes quickly due to its aggressive nature, high growth rate, and early dissemination to distant sites. This type of cancer is known for its rapid spread to other organs, leading to poor prognosis. Adenocarcinoma, squamous cell, and bronchial carcinoids have a slower metastatic rate compared to oat cell lung cancer. Adenocarcinoma tends to metastasize to the lymph nodes and other organs over time, while squamous cell typically spreads locally within the lung tissue. Bronchial carcinoids are slow-growing tumors with a lower propensity for rapid metastasis compared to oat cell lung cancer.
Question 4 of 5
Exchange across a membrane requires
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Exchange across a membrane involves the movement of molecules or ions. Moisture (A) helps facilitate this movement by dissolving solutes. Transport proteins (B) are essential for facilitating the movement of specific molecules across the membrane. Pressure gradients (C) can drive the movement of substances across the membrane. Therefore, the correct answer is D, as all these factors play a crucial role in facilitating exchange across a membrane. Moisture alone is not sufficient for exchange, transport proteins are necessary for specific molecule transport, and pressure gradients can aid in driving the movement of substances.
Question 5 of 5
The cessation of smoking
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, all of the above. Cessation of smoking reduces the risk of stillbirth by improving fetal health. It also reduces the chances of cancer by decreasing exposure to carcinogens. Additionally, quitting smoking decreases the risk of coronary disease by improving heart health. Therefore, all the choices are correct as they highlight different positive outcomes of quitting smoking.