ATI RN
Free Pediatric CCRN Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
For a client with low blood volume, what are the implications of decreasing blood pressure and a rapid heart rate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In a client with low blood volume, a decrease in blood pressure and a rapid heart rate can indicate hypovolemia, which is a condition characterized by a decreased volume of circulating blood. This can lead to inadequate perfusion of vital organs, including the kidneys (choice C), as well as other tissues throughout the body. If left unaddressed, severe hypovolemia can progress to shock, a critical condition where there is inadequate blood flow to meet the body's metabolic demands. This can result in organ dysfunction and potentially life-threatening complications. Therefore, the implications of decreasing blood pressure and a rapid heart rate in a client with low blood volume are indicative of hypovolemia and the potential development of shock.
Question 2 of 5
A client who reports increasing difficulty swallowing, weight loss, and fatigue is diagnosed with esophageal cancer. Because this client has difficulty swallowing, the nurse should assign highest priority to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In a client with esophageal cancer who is experiencing difficulty swallowing, maintaining a patent airway is the highest priority. The client is at risk for aspiration due to the compromised ability to swallow, which could lead to respiratory distress, choking, or aspiration pneumonia. Adequate oxygenation is essential for the client's survival and must be addressed as the priority issue. While coping with body image, preventing injury, and ensuring nutrition are important aspects of care, they are secondary to ensuring the client's airway remains open and clear to prevent respiratory complications.
Question 3 of 5
A client metastatic ovarian cancer is prescribed cisplatin (Platinol). Before administering the first dose, the nurse reviews the client's medication history for drugs that may interact with cisplatin. Which drug may cause significant interactions when given concomitantly with cisplatin?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Amino glycosides, such as gentamicin or amikacin, can interact significantly with cisplatin, leading to increased risk of kidney damage or hearing loss. Both amino glycosides and cisplatin are known to have nephrotoxic and ototoxic effects independently. When combined, the risk of these side effects is potentiated, making it important to monitor renal function and hearing closely when these drugs are co-administered. Therefore, it is crucial to avoid the concomitant use of amino glycosides with cisplatin in order to prevent harmful drug interactions and reduce the risk of adverse effects in the client with metastatic ovarian cancer.
Question 4 of 5
A client with lung cancer develops Homer's when the tumor invades the ribs and affects the sympathetic nerve ganglia. When assessing for signs and symptoms of this syndrome, the nurse should note:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Homer's syndrome, also known as Horner's syndrome, is a rare condition that occurs when the sympathetic nerve supply to the eye and face is disrupted. In the case of lung cancer invading the ribs and affecting the sympathetic nerve ganglia, it can lead to Homer's syndrome. The classic triad of symptoms in Homer's syndrome includes miosis (constriction of the pupil), partial eyelid ptosis (drooping of the upper eyelid), and anhidrosis (lack of sweating) on the affected side of the face. These symptoms result from the disruption of sympathetic nerve pathways affecting the pupillary dilator muscle, the Müller muscle responsible for eyelid elevation, and sweat glands on one side of the face. Therefore, when assessing for signs and symptoms of Homer's syndrome in this client, the nurse should focus on looking for these specific manifestations.
Question 5 of 5
At health fair, an oncology nurse answers questions about risk factors for various types of cancer. One person with a family history of colon cancer asks the nurse to identify risk factors for this type of cancer. The nurse should identify:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Obesity is a known risk factor for colon cancer. Studies have shown that individuals who are obese have an increased risk of developing colon cancer compared to those who are of normal weight. The excess fat tissue, particularly around the abdomen, can lead to chronic inflammation and hormonal changes in the body, which can contribute to the development of cancer cells. It is essential for individuals with a family history of colon cancer to be mindful of maintaining a healthy weight as part of their overall cancer prevention strategies. Smoking, heavy alcohol consumption, and saccharin consumption are not identified as primary risk factors for colon cancer.