ATI RN
Adult Health Nursing Quizlet Final Questions
Question 1 of 5
For a client having an episode of acute narrow-angle glaucoma, a nurse expects to give which of the following medications?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Acute narrow-angle glaucoma is a medical emergency that requires timely intervention to reduce intraocular pressure. Acetazolamide (Diamox) is a medication commonly used to treat this condition as it works as a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, reducing the production of aqueous humor in the eye. By reducing the production of aqueous humor, acetazolamide helps decrease intraocular pressure rapidly, which is crucial in managing acute narrow-angle glaucoma. Other options listed, such as Furosemide (Lasix), Atropine, and Urokinase (Abbokinase), are not typically used in the treatment of acute narrow-angle glaucoma.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is prescribed albuterol (salbutamol) inhaler as a rescue medication. Which of the following best describes the pharmacological action of albuterol?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Albuterol, also known as salbutamol, is a beta-adrenergic agonist medication commonly used for the treatment of conditions such as asthma and COPD. As a beta-adrenergic agonist, albuterol binds to beta-2 adrenergic receptors in the lungs, causing bronchodilation, which helps to relieve bronchospasms and improve airflow to the lungs. This action leads to the relaxation of smooth muscle in the airways, thus making breathing easier for patients with COPD or asthma. Anticholinergics, corticosteroids, and methylxanthines have different mechanisms of action and are not directly related to the pharmacological action of albuterol in COPD treatment.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus is prescribed metformin therapy. Which adverse effect is associated with metformin use and requires immediate medical attention?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metformin is a commonly prescribed medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. One of the rare but serious adverse effects associated with metformin use is lactic acidosis. Lactic acidosis results from the buildup of lactic acid in the bloodstream, leading to symptoms such as weakness, rapid breathing, abdominal pain, and muscle pain. Lactic acidosis can be life-threatening and requires immediate medical attention. It is important for patients taking metformin to be aware of the signs and symptoms of lactic acidosis and seek immediate medical help if they experience any of these symptoms. Regular monitoring of kidney function is crucial in patients taking metformin to reduce the risk of lactic acidosis.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with a history of heart failure presents with dependent edema in the lower extremities. Which nursing action is most appropriate for managing the patient's edema?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most appropriate nursing action for managing a patient with dependent edema in the lower extremities is to administer diuretics as prescribed. Diuretics help the body remove excess fluid, reducing swelling and edema in the extremities. It is important to follow the healthcare provider's orders for administering diuretics to ensure the patient's fluid balance is managed effectively. While elevating the legs above heart level and applying compression stockings may provide temporary relief, addressing the underlying cause of fluid retention with diuretics is essential for long-term management of the edema in a patient with heart failure. Encouraging increased fluid intake would not be appropriate in this case, as the focus should be on reducing fluid overload rather than increasing fluid intake.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with a history of coronary artery disease is prescribed aspirin for antiplatelet therapy. Which information is important for the nurse to include in patient education about aspirin therapy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct information for the nurse to include in patient education about aspirin therapy is to advise the patient to avoid using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) while taking aspirin. NSAIDs can increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding when taken along with aspirin, which is already a blood-thinning medication due to its antiplatelet effects. Patients with coronary artery disease are typically prescribed aspirin for its antiplatelet properties to prevent blood clot formation in the arteries. Avoiding NSAIDs will help reduce the risk of gastrointestinal complications and ensure the effectiveness of aspirin therapy in preventing cardiovascular events. Taking aspirin with a full glass of milk (Option A) is not a necessary instruction for aspirin therapy. Discontinuing aspirin therapy if a patient develops a fever (Option C) is not a standard practice unless advised by a healthcare provider. Taking aspir