For a 6-year-old child with hypokalemia, which menu choice should the nurse encourage?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In pediatric nursing, it is crucial to understand the nutritional needs of children, especially when managing conditions like hypokalemia. The correct menu choice, A) Pizza with a fruit plate, is the best option for a 6-year-old child with hypokalemia. Pizza provides a good source of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats while also being customizable to include potassium-rich toppings like vegetables. The fruit plate further adds essential vitamins, minerals, and natural sugars which can help replenish potassium levels. On the other hand, options B, C, and D are less ideal for a child with hypokalemia. Chicken strips with chips (B) and Hamburger with French fries (D) are high in unhealthy fats and low in potassium, which can exacerbate the condition. Fajita with rice (C) may offer some nutritional value, but it lacks the potassium content needed to address hypokalemia effectively. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of considering not only taste preferences but also nutritional content when choosing meals for pediatric patients with specific health needs. It reinforces the significance of individualized care and the role of nurses in promoting healthy eating habits to support children's overall well-being.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Increased Pain. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist used to reverse the effects of opioids, such as respiratory depression. When naloxone is administered to a patient who is opioid-dependent or has received opioids, it can precipitate acute withdrawal symptoms, including increased pain due to the sudden reversal of the analgesic effects of opioids. Option A) Drowsiness is incorrect because naloxone typically causes alertness rather than drowsiness. Option B) Tics and tremors are also not expected effects of naloxone administration. Option D) Nausea and vomiting are more commonly associated with opioid use rather than naloxone administration. In a pediatric nursing context, it is crucial for nurses to understand the pharmacological actions of medications they administer, particularly in critical situations like post-operative care. By recognizing the potential effects of naloxone, nurses can anticipate and manage adverse reactions effectively, ensuring the safety and well-being of their pediatric patients.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In pediatric nursing, understanding the effects of medications like furosemide (Lasix) is crucial. The correct answer is C) Decrease BP. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that works by increasing urine output, leading to fluid and electrolyte loss. This diuretic effect can result in a decrease in blood pressure due to reduced circulating volume. Option A) Decrease pulse is incorrect because furosemide does not directly affect heart rate. Option B) Decrease temperature is incorrect as furosemide does not typically impact body temperature. Option D) Decrease respiratory rate is also incorrect as furosemide does not have a direct effect on respiratory function. Educationally, it's important to understand the expected outcomes and side effects of medications used in pediatric patients to provide safe and effective care. Monitoring for changes in vital signs and clinical manifestations after administering medications like furosemide is essential to assess the drug's effectiveness and ensure patient safety. This question highlights the need for nurses to be vigilant in monitoring pediatric patients receiving diuretic therapy to prevent potential complications related to fluid and electrolyte imbalances.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The primary and most serious adverse effect of heparin is bleeding. However, discolored urine can indicate bleeding into the urinary tract, which is a potential adverse effect of heparin therapy. While changes in heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) can occur due to various reasons, discolored urine specifically points towards a potential adverse effect related to heparin therapy.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because Gardasil does not cure existing HPV infections. Gardasil is a preventive vaccine and does not treat existing infections. Choice B is correct as regular Pap screenings are still necessary even after vaccination. Choice C is also correct as Gardasil can prevent genital warts. Choice D is correct as Gardasil does not protect against all types of HPV. Therefore, option A is the statement that indicates the need for more teaching.