Food fortification is one of the strategies to prevent micronutrient deficiency conditions. RA 8976 mandates fortification of certain food items. Which of the following is among these food items?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Bread. Bread is one of the food items mandated for fortification under RA 8976. This is because bread is a staple food consumed by a large portion of the population, making it an ideal vehicle for fortification to reach a wide audience and address micronutrient deficiencies effectively. Sugar (A) is not typically fortified due to its high consumption in refined form, which may not be suitable for adding nutrients. Margarine (C) can be fortified but is not specifically mandated under RA 8976. Filled milk (D) may be fortified, but it is not one of the food items specified under this regulation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Get a specimen for blood smear. To determine malaria risk in an infant with fever, a blood smear is essential for diagnosing the presence of malaria parasites. This test directly visualizes the parasites in the blood, providing a definitive diagnosis. A: Doing a tourniquet test is used to assess for dengue fever, not malaria. B: Asking where the family resides may provide information on malaria endemic areas but does not confirm the diagnosis. D: Asking if the fever is present every day is not specific to malaria and does not provide a definitive diagnosis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because residual spraying of insecticides at night helps to kill mosquitoes that transmit malaria, reducing the risk of infection. This method targets the vector directly, interrupting the transmission cycle. A: Planting neem or eucalyptus trees may have some insect-repellent properties, but it is not a primary method of preventing malaria transmission. C: Determining endemic areas is important for overall prevention strategies, but it does not directly address secondary prevention measures like mosquito control. D: Growing larva-eating fish can help reduce mosquito larvae, but it is more of a primary prevention method rather than secondary prevention.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Cough for 3 weeks. This indicates the need for sputum examination for Acid-Fast Bacilli (AFB) because a persistent cough for 3 weeks can be a symptom of tuberculosis, which is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, an AFB. Sputum examination helps in diagnosing tuberculosis by detecting the presence of AFB in the sputum. Choice A (Hematemesis) is not indicative of the need for sputum examination for AFB as it suggests blood in vomit, which is not a typical symptom of tuberculosis. Choice B (Fever for 1 week) is nonspecific and can be caused by various infections, not specifically tuberculosis. It does not directly suggest the need for sputum examination for AFB. Choice D (Chest pain for 1 week) is also nonspecific and can be caused by various conditions, not specifically tuberculosis. It does not directly indicate the need for s

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because having the health worker or a responsible family member monitor drug intake ensures regular and accurate medication adherence. This approach provides direct supervision and support, increasing treatment compliance. A: Having the health worker follow up at home may not be feasible for all patients and may not ensure consistent monitoring. C: Having the patient come to the health center every month may not guarantee adherence between visits. D: Having a target list to check drug collection does not directly monitor drug intake, potentially leading to missed doses.