Following statements concerning specific bradycardic agents (Falipamil, Alinidine) are true, EXCEPT:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: A: Incorrect. Bradycardic agents like Falipamil and Alinidine primarily act on cardiac tissue to decrease heart rate. They do not directly stimulate nerve endings to cause reflex and vascular dilative actions. B: Correct. The main effect of bradycardic drugs is to decrease heart rate without significant changes in arterial pressure. C: Correct. Bradycardic agents reduce oxygen demand on the heart which can be protective, especially in conditions like angina pectoris. D: Correct. Specific bradycardic agents are indeed used in the management of cardiovascular disorders like sinus tachyarrhythmias and angina pectoris.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: FALSE. Bovine insulin is actually more antigenic than porcine insulin due to differences in amino acid sequences between bovines and humans, leading to a higher likelihood of immune response. Choice A is incorrect as it states that bovine insulin is less antigenic, which is false. Choices C and D do not apply since the correct answer is B.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Glucocorticoids do have anti-inflammatory effects, not pro-inflammatory effects. Glucocorticoids work by suppressing the immune system and reducing inflammation. This is why they are commonly used to treat inflammatory conditions such as arthritis and asthma. Choices A, B, and D are correct statements about glucocorticoids. Choice A is correct because glucocorticoids exert their effects by binding to glucocorticoid receptors, which are part of the nuclear receptor superfamily. Choice B is correct because glucocorticoids do have dose-related metabolic effects on carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism. Choice D is correct because glucocorticoids do have catabolic effects in various tissues such as lymphoid and connective tissue, muscle, fat, and skin.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Phenothiazines. Phenothiazines such as Diprazine and Promethazine are noted for their alpha-adrenoreceptor-blocking effect. This is due to their ability to block alpha-adrenergic receptors, leading to vasodilation and reduced blood pressure. Other choices (A, B, C) do not possess this specific alpha-adrenoreceptor-blocking effect and are not classified as histamine H1 antagonists known for this property. Therefore, the correct answer is D as phenothiazines exhibit the unique characteristic of alpha-adrenoreceptor-blocking effect among the given options.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because Beri-beri is indeed a disease caused by a deficiency of thiamine, endemic in eastern and southern Asia, and characterized by neurological symptoms, cardiovascular abnormalities, and edema. This is the classic definition of Beri-beri. Choice B is incorrect because it describes angular stomatitis, which is caused by a deficiency of riboflavin, not thiamine as in Beri-beri. Choice C is incorrect because it describes cheilosis, a disorder of the lips associated with riboflavin deficiency, not thiamine deficiency as seen in Beri-beri. Therefore, the correct answer is A as it aligns with the classic presentation and etiology of Beri-beri.