ATI RN
Gastrointestinal NCLEX RN Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Following a needle stick, what is used as prophylaxis against HBV?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: HBV vaccine is given to provide active immunity to the individual against Hepatitis B virus. Step 2: HBIG is given for immediate, short-term passive immunity by providing pre-formed antibodies. Step 3: Using both HBV vaccine and HBIG together provides both immediate and long-term protection. Step 4: Interferon is not used for prophylaxis against HBV as it is used for treatment rather than prevention. Summary: Choice D is correct because it combines active and passive immunity for comprehensive protection. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not provide the necessary dual protection against HBV post-needle stick exposure.
Question 2 of 5
Which statement is true about the use of bile acid therapy for gallstones?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because bile acid therapy is indeed used to dissolve small, cholesterol-based gallstones by helping to break down the cholesterol within the stones. This therapy is not the first-line treatment for all patients (A), as larger stones may require other interventions like surgery. It is also not effective only in patients with obstructed bile ducts (C) but can be used in various cases. Lastly, it is not contraindicated in patients with diabetes (D), as long as there are no specific contraindications related to the individual's health status.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is reviewing a student nurse's charting and notes that the student has documented absent bowel sounds. The nurse reminds the student that in order to document absent bowel sounds, one must auscultate each quadrant at what period of time?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D (5 minutes). Bowel sounds may be absent temporarily and can vary in different quadrants. Auscultating each quadrant for a longer duration (5 minutes) allows for a more accurate assessment. Choices A-C are incorrect because they do not provide sufficient time to accurately determine the presence or absence of bowel sounds in all quadrants. A shorter time frame might lead to inaccurate documentation and potentially missed abnormal findings.
Question 4 of 5
Parietal cells secrete .
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: hydrochloric acid. Parietal cells in the stomach secrete hydrochloric acid, which plays a crucial role in breaking down food and creating an acidic environment for digestion. Gastrin (choice A) is a hormone that stimulates acid secretion. Pepsin (choice C) is an enzyme produced by chief cells, not parietal cells. Pepsinogen (choice D) is the inactive precursor of pepsin. Therefore, the correct choice is hydrochloric acid as it directly relates to the function of parietal cells in the stomach.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient with a leg ulcer. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate to promote healing of the ulcer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because elevating the affected leg helps improve blood circulation, reduce swelling, and promote healing of the ulcer. Applying a pressure bandage also helps with compression therapy, which aids in managing wound drainage and preventing infection. A: Applying a dry dressing may not provide enough moisture for proper wound healing. C: Using a hydrocolloid dressing can promote moisture retention but avoiding movement of the leg may hinder circulation and delay healing. D: Administering antibiotics is important if there is an infection present, but it does not directly promote healing of the ulcer.