ATI RN
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 10th Edition Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 9
Five girls were victims of wasp and bee bites. Emergency treatment for these includes:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because a poultice of sodium bicarbonate and water can help neutralize the venom and reduce pain from wasp and bee bites. Sodium bicarbonate has alkaline properties that can counteract the acidic venom. Option B is incorrect as household ammonia can cause skin irritation and should not be applied to insect bites. Option C is incorrect because only option A is a safe and effective treatment for wasp and bee bites. Option D is incorrect as there is a suitable emergency treatment available.
Question 2 of 9
Nutritional considerations as part of the nursing care plan would include all of the following except that:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B: Calcium should be avoided Rationale: 1. Calcium is an essential mineral for bone health, especially important for individuals with limited mobility like Richard. 2. Avoiding calcium can lead to bone weakening and increase the risk of fractures. 3. Nursing care plans should include adequate calcium intake to support bone health. 4. Therefore, avoiding calcium is not a recommended nutritional consideration. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: The diet should be semisolid to facilitate the passage of food - This is important for individuals with swallowing difficulties. C: The patient should be sitting in an upright position during feeding - This aids in proper digestion and reduces the risk of aspiration. D: Thick fluids should be encouraged to provide additional calories - Thick fluids may increase the risk of aspiration in patients with neurological conditions.
Question 3 of 9
A nurse adds a nursing diagnosis to a patient’s care plan. Which information did the nurse document?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it follows the correct format of a nursing diagnosis: "Problem related to Etiology." In this case, "Decreased cardiac output" is the problem, and "altered myocardial contractility" is the cause. This format helps identify the specific issue and its underlying cause, allowing for targeted interventions. Choice B is incorrect as it doesn't follow the problem-etiology format and lacks specificity. Choice C is also incorrect as it lacks a clear nursing diagnosis and specific etiology. Choice D is incorrect as it presents a symptom rather than a nursing diagnosis with an associated cause. Overall, choice A is the best option as it provides a clear, specific nursing diagnosis that guides appropriate nursing interventions.
Question 4 of 9
A patient returns from surgery ff. a TURP with a three-way Foley catheter and continuous bladder irrigation. Postoperative orders include Meperidine (Demerol) 75 mg IM q3h as needed for pain, belladonna and opium (B&O) suppository q4h as needed, and strict I&O. the patient complains of painful bladder spasms, and the nurse observes blood-tinged urine on the sheets. Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take is to notify the physician stat (choice D). Firstly, the patient presents with painful bladder spasms and blood-tinged urine, indicating a potential complication post-TURP. This warrants immediate medical attention to assess for possible bladder injury or hemorrhage. Giving Demerol (choice A) or B&O suppository (choice B) may provide symptomatic relief but does not address the underlying issue. Warming the irrigation solution (choice C) is not a priority in this situation and does not address the potential serious complications. Notifying the physician immediately allows for prompt evaluation and appropriate intervention to address the patient's condition effectively.
Question 5 of 9
Which of the following terms would indicate to the nurse that a substance is toxic to the ear?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ototoxic. Ototoxic refers to substances that are harmful to the ear, potentially causing hearing loss or damage. The prefix "oto-" specifically relates to the ear. Otoplasty (A) is a surgical procedure to reshape the ear, not related to toxicity. Otalgia (C) refers to ear pain, not toxicity. Tinnitus (D) is a symptom of ringing in the ears, not directly related to toxicity. Therefore, the term "ototoxic" is the best indicator of a substance being toxic to the ear due to its specific reference to ear toxicity.
Question 6 of 9
A client with hypothyroidism (myxedema) is receiving levothyroxine (Synthroid), 25 mcg PO daily. Which finding should the nurse recognize as an adverse effect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Tachycardia. Levothyroxine is a synthetic form of thyroid hormone used to treat hypothyroidism. If the dose is too high, it can lead to symptoms of hyperthyroidism, including tachycardia (rapid heartbeat). This is because an excess of thyroid hormone can increase the heart rate. Dysuria (choice A) is not a common adverse effect of levothyroxine. Leg cramps (choice C) are more commonly associated with electrolyte imbalances. Blurred vision (choice D) is not a typical adverse effect of levothyroxine.
Question 7 of 9
The nurse is preparing to assist the physician with a bone marrow biopsy. Which of the ff. interventions is most important for the nurse to do before the procedure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Observe the patient for bleeding. Before a bone marrow biopsy, it is crucial to monitor the patient for bleeding tendencies as the procedure can cause bleeding. This step ensures early detection and prompt intervention if bleeding occurs. Explanation for other choices: A: Explaining the procedure to the family is important for informed consent but not the most crucial before the procedure. C: Administering an analgesic may be necessary for pain management but monitoring for bleeding takes precedence. D: Draping the biopsy site is important for maintaining a sterile field but does not directly impact patient safety like monitoring for bleeding.
Question 8 of 9
While completing an admission database, the nurse is interviewing a patient who states “I am allergic to latex.” Which action will the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ask the patient to describe the type of reaction. This is the first action the nurse should take to assess the severity of the latex allergy and determine appropriate interventions. By gathering more information about the reaction, the nurse can better understand the potential risks and provide safe care. Summary of other choices: A: Immediately placing the patient in isolation is unnecessary and not indicated based solely on the patient's latex allergy. C: Proceeding to the termination phase of the interview is premature without fully assessing the patient's allergy. D: Documenting the allergy is important but should not be the first action without assessing the reaction itself.
Question 9 of 9
The nurse will monitor J.E. for the following signs and symptoms:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because signs and symptoms listed are indicative of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), which is a serious condition where blood clotting and bleeding occur simultaneously. Change in level of consciousness can indicate hypoperfusion from clotting in blood vessels. Tachypnea and tachycardia can result from tissue hypoxia. Petechiae are small red or purple spots on the skin due to bleeding under the skin. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not align with the typical signs and symptoms of DIC. Choice B suggests a possible myocardial infarction or acute coronary syndrome. Choice C indicates a possible thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) or acute limb ischemia. Choice D suggests a mix of symptoms that do not typically present together in DIC.