ATI RN
Chapter 14 Drugs for the Reproductive System Questions
Question 1 of 5
First pass effect is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the first pass effect refers to the amount of drug that is lost due to hepatic metabolism when a drug is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration. This process occurs before the drug reaches systemic circulation, reducing the bioavailability of the drug. Option A is incorrect as hepatic artery does not eliminate the drug. Option B is incorrect as it refers to drug excretion via stool. Option C is incorrect as it refers to drug destruction by stomach acidity, not hepatic metabolism.
Question 2 of 5
All of the following about free drugs (unbound drugs) in plasma are correct EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because highly bound drugs (98% bound) do not have clinically significant drug-drug interactions through displacement from binding sites on plasma proteins. This is because only the unbound (free) fraction of a drug is pharmacologically active and available for interactions. Highly bound drugs are bound to proteins and not readily available for interactions. Regarding the other choices: B: Only free drugs can pass through glomerular filtration - Correct, as only unbound drugs can be filtered through the kidneys. C: Only free drugs become available for hepatic metabolism - Correct, as only unbound drugs can undergo metabolism in the liver. D: Only free drugs can distribute to peripheral tissues - Correct, as only unbound drugs can leave the bloodstream and reach peripheral tissues.
Question 3 of 5
What is the time required to change the amount of a drug in plasma by half during elimination?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Half-life (t1/2). Half-life is the time required for the concentration of a drug in plasma to decrease by half during elimination. It is a measure of how quickly a drug is removed from the body. It is independent of dose or concentration. Absorption time (A) is the time it takes for a drug to enter the bloodstream. Metabolic time (B) refers to the time it takes for a drug to be metabolized in the body. Clearance time (D) is the time it takes for the body to clear a certain amount of drug from the plasma, but it does not specifically indicate the time required for half of the drug to be eliminated.
Question 4 of 5
When nonpharmacological treatment fails for constipation, which drug would be a first-line treatment for constipation during pregnancy?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Docusate sodium. It is a stool softener commonly used during pregnancy due to its safety profile. It helps to soften the stool, making it easier to pass without straining, which is important in preventing constipation. B: Magnesium citrate is not recommended during pregnancy due to its potential to cause diarrhea and electrolyte imbalance. C: Castor oil is not recommended during pregnancy as it can induce labor and has potential side effects. D: Mineral oil is not recommended during pregnancy due to its potential to interfere with nutrient absorption and cause aspiration pneumonia if accidentally inhaled.
Question 5 of 5
Which assessment finding is most concerning when examining a client in preterm labor who is receiving magnesium sulfate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Loss of patellar reflexes. This is concerning when examining a client in preterm labor receiving magnesium sulfate due to the risk of magnesium toxicity, which can lead to respiratory depression and cardiac arrest. Loss of patellar reflexes indicates excessive magnesium levels affecting neuromuscular function. Options A and B are common side effects of magnesium sulfate administration. Option D, positive clonus, may also be seen with magnesium toxicity but is not as specific or critical as loss of patellar reflexes in this context.