ATI RN
Psychotropic Medication Side Effects Questions
Question 1 of 5
Fibrous bands running directly from one bone to another that strengthen the joint and help prevent movement in undesirable directions are called:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Ligaments. Ligaments are fibrous bands that connect bones to each other, providing stability to joints and preventing excessive or undesirable movements. They play a crucial role in maintaining joint integrity. Bursa (A) is a fluid-filled sac that helps reduce friction between tissues. Tendons (B) connect muscles to bones and facilitate movement. Cartilage (C) is a tough, flexible connective tissue that cushions joints and supports smooth movement. Therefore, the correct choice, ligaments, is the only one directly related to strengthening joints and preventing undesirable movements.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse suspects that a patient has carpal tunnel syndrome and wants to perform the Phalen test. To perform this test, the nurse should instruct the patient to:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the Phalen test is used to diagnose carpal tunnel syndrome by placing the wrists in extreme flexion for 60 seconds, which reproduces symptoms in patients with the condition. Choice A (dorsiflex the foot) and Choice B (plantarflex the foot) are related to ankle movements, not wrist movements. Choice D (hyperextend the wrists with the palmar surface of both hands touching) is incorrect as it is the opposite of what the Phalen test requires, which is wrist flexion.
Question 3 of 5
A young swimmer comes to the sports clinic complaining of a very sore shoulder. He was running at the pool, slipped on some wet concrete, and tried to catch himself with his outstretched hand. He landed on his outstretched hand and has not been able to move his shoulder since. The nurse suspects:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Dislocated shoulder. The mechanism of injury described, falling on an outstretched hand with inability to move the shoulder, is suggestive of a dislocated shoulder. Dislocation commonly occurs when the humeral head is forced out of the glenoid cavity due to trauma. Other choices are not consistent with the mechanism of injury. Joint effusion typically presents with swelling and decreased range of motion. Rotator cuff tear usually results from repetitive overhead motions. Adhesive capsulitis, or frozen shoulder, involves gradual onset of stiffness and pain. Therefore, based on the presented scenario, a dislocated shoulder is the most likely diagnosis.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is assessing a 1-week-old infant and is testing his muscle strength. The nurse lifts the infant with hands under the axillae and notices that the infant starts to 'slip' between the hands. The nurse should:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale for Choice C: 1. At 1 week old, infants should exhibit some resistance when lifted under the axillae. 2. If the infant "slips" between the hands, it suggests weakness in the shoulder muscles. 3. This weakness could indicate a potential neuromuscular issue or developmental delay. 4. Further assessment and monitoring of the infant's muscle strength are necessary. Summary of Other Choices: A. A fractured clavicle would present with localized pain and tenderness, not slipping when lifted. B. Spinal deformities would not typically cause slipping between the hands when lifted. D. While infant musculature is undeveloped, slipping when lifted under the axillae is not a normal finding and should be further investigated.
Question 5 of 5
The wife of a 65-year-old man tells the nurse that she is concerned because she has noticed a change in her husband's personality and ability to understand. He also cries very easily and becomes angry. The nurse recalls that the cerebral lobe responsible for these behaviors is the __________ lobe.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Frontal lobe. The frontal lobe is responsible for personality, emotional control, decision-making, and understanding. Changes in personality, emotional lability, and difficulty in understanding are associated with frontal lobe dysfunction. Parietal lobe (B) is mainly responsible for sensory processing and spatial awareness. Occipital lobe (C) is responsible for visual processing. Temporal lobe (D) is involved in auditory processing and memory. Therefore, in this case, the symptoms described by the wife point towards dysfunction in the frontal lobe.