Family history is the strongest single factor for developing major depressive disorder (MDD) and comorbid disorders are frequently encountered. Of the following, the MOST likely disorder that is associated with MDD is

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Anxiety disorders are commonly comorbid with MDD, sharing overlapping symptoms and risk factors.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Cystic fibrosis presents with chronic respiratory symptoms, pancreatic insufficiency leading to malabsorption, and growth failure. It is caused by mutations in the CFTR gene leading to thick mucus production affecting multiple organ systems.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Intrauterine growth retardation is not typically associated with polycythemia

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Aspirin is less commonly associated with drug-induced anaphylaxis compared to penicillin, NSAIDs, radiocontrast media, and vaccines.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Severe aortic stenosis impairs cardiac output, leading to reduced perfusion and obstructive shock, unlike conditions like myocarditis or dehydration.