ATI RN
Principles of Pharmacology Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Factors that affect gastric drug absorption include:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lipid solubility of the drug. This affects gastric drug absorption because lipid-soluble drugs can easily pass through the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane in the stomach. This allows for faster and more efficient absorption into the bloodstream. Liver enzyme activity (choice A) primarily affects drug metabolism, not absorption. Protein-binding properties (choice B) influence distribution within the body but not absorption. Ability to chew and swallow (choice D) relates to drug administration rather than absorption in the stomach.
Question 2 of 5
Once they have been metabolized by the liver, the metabolites may be:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: First, metabolites can be more active than the parent drug due to enhanced pharmacological properties. Second, metabolites can be less active due to decreased potency. Third, metabolites can be deactivated for excretion, preventing any pharmacological effect. Therefore, all options are possible outcomes of drug metabolism by the liver.
Question 3 of 5
Two different pain meds are given together for pain relief. The drug-drug interaction is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Synergistic. When two drugs have a synergistic interaction, they work together to produce a stronger effect than if used alone. In the case of pain meds, combining two drugs that have a synergistic interaction can lead to enhanced pain relief. This occurs because the drugs act on different pathways to produce a more effective outcome. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect: B: Antagonistic - This would mean the drugs work against each other, reducing the overall effect. C: Potentiative - This term implies that one drug enhances the effect of the other, but synergistic interaction implies a stronger combined effect. D: Additive - While this term suggests the drugs work together, it does not capture the idea of a synergistic interaction where the combined effect is greater than the sum of individual effects.
Question 4 of 5
The time required for the amount of drug in the body to decrease by 50% is called:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Half-life. Half-life is the time taken for the drug concentration in the body to reduce by 50%. This is a fundamental pharmacokinetic parameter used to determine dosing intervals. Steady state (A) refers to when drug input equals drug elimination, Phase II metabolism (C) is a type of drug metabolism, and Reduced bioavailability time (D) does not accurately describe the concept of drug elimination. In summary, half-life is the specific term that quantifies the rate of drug elimination in the body, making it the correct answer in this context.
Question 5 of 5
Instructions to a client regarding self-administration of oral enteric-coated tablets should include which of the following statements?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because enteric-coated tablets are designed to bypass the stomach and dissolve in the intestines for optimal absorption. Taking them with at least 8 ounces of fluid helps ensure the tablet reaches the intestines intact. Choice A is incorrect as it is not necessary to avoid all other oral medicines. Choice B is incorrect as dissolving an enteric-coated tablet can affect its effectiveness. Choice C is incorrect because crushing the tablet can also interfere with its intended delayed release mechanism.