ATI RN
Nutrition and Fluid Balance Questions
Question 1 of 5
Extracellular fluid volume depends primarily on the sodium load in the body.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Extracellular fluid volume is mainly regulated by sodium levels as sodium plays a key role in maintaining fluid balance. When sodium levels are high, water is retained in the extracellular space, increasing volume. Conversely, low sodium levels lead to water excretion, decreasing volume. Therefore, the statement that extracellular fluid volume depends primarily on sodium load is true. Other choices are not applicable as they do not provide relevant information.
Question 2 of 5
The thirst centre is closely related to, or perhaps identical to, the cells that secrete vasopressin.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. The thirst center is indeed closely related to the cells that secrete vasopressin. When the body is dehydrated, the thirst center in the brain is activated, leading to the release of vasopressin, a hormone that helps regulate water balance by promoting water reabsorption in the kidneys. This close relationship between the thirst center and vasopressin-secreting cells highlights their interconnected roles in maintaining proper hydration levels in the body. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not provide a logical explanation or reasoning behind the relationship between the thirst center and vasopressin-secreting cells.
Question 3 of 5
If a patient is experiencing alkalaemia, they are likely experiencing alkalosis as well.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: TRUE. Alkalaemia refers to an elevated blood pH level, indicating alkalosis, which is a condition characterized by excessive alkalinity in body fluids. Alkalosis can result from various factors such as hyperventilation or excessive loss of acids. Therefore, if a patient is experiencing alkalaemia, they are likely experiencing alkalosis as well. The other choices are incorrect because they do not provide a logical explanation or rationale for the relationship between alkalaemia and alkalosis.
Question 4 of 5
The phosphate and bicarbonate buffering systems are both effective buffers in the ECF.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The phosphate buffering system works in the kidney and is effective in regulating blood pH. The bicarbonate buffering system operates in the blood and helps maintain acid-base balance. Both systems are important for buffering extracellular fluid. Other choices are incorrect because they do not provide a valid response to the question.
Question 5 of 5
The major source of H+ in the body fluids is the carbonic acid generated from metabolic production of CO .
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: The major source of H+ in the body fluids is not carbonic acid from CO2, but rather metabolic processes generating H+ ions directly or through the dissociation of other acids. CO2 is converted to carbonic acid as part of the bicarbonate buffer system, which helps regulate pH but is not the primary source of H+ ions. Therefore, option B is correct. Option A is incorrect as explained above. Options C and D are not applicable as they are not choices related to the question.