Expert nurses learn to attend to a pattern of assessment data and act without consciously labeling it. These responses are referred to as:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Intuition is the correct answer because it refers to the subconscious processing of assessment data by expert nurses. 2. Expert nurses rely on intuition to make quick and accurate decisions based on their experience and pattern recognition. 3. Intuition allows nurses to act without consciously labeling or analyzing the assessment data. 4. The nursing process (B) involves a systematic approach to care, not necessarily based on subconscious responses. 5. Clinical knowledge (C) is important but does not specifically refer to the subconscious pattern recognition seen in intuition. 6. Diagnostic reasoning (D) involves a more deliberate and analytical process compared to the quick, pattern-based responses of intuition. Summary: Intuition is the correct choice as it describes the subconscious response of expert nurses to assessment data. The other options, the nursing process, clinical knowledge, and diagnostic reasoning, do not specifically capture the automatic, pattern-based nature of expert nurse responses.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: High frequency, low intensity. High-frequency TENS (typically 80-100 Hz) is effective for acute pain by stimulating the release of endorphins and enkephalins, blocking pain signals. Low-intensity avoids muscle contraction, providing pain relief without discomfort. High intensity may cause muscle contractions and discomfort. Low frequency (2-10 Hz) TENS is more suitable for chronic pain, not as effective for acute pain.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Right homonymous hemianopsia. This term describes the loss of vision on the same side in both eyes. In this case, the patient is unable to see on the entire right side with either eye covered, indicating a lesion in the left optic tract or radiation. A: Bitemporal hemianopsia is a loss of vision from the outer half of both visual fields, typically due to a pituitary tumor compressing the optic chiasm. B: Right temporal hemianopsia refers to a loss of vision on the right side of both visual fields, which is not consistent with the patient's presentation. D: Binasal hemianopsia is characterized by a loss of vision on the inner half of both visual fields, usually seen in pituitary tumors involving the optic chiasm.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step 1: Dullness in the last intercostal space in the anterior axillary line on the left side suggests possible splenomegaly. Step 2: The dullness indicates an abnormality in that area and warrants further examination to confirm the presence of an enlarged spleen. Step 3: Option B is correct as it acknowledges the possibility of splenomegaly and emphasizes the need for close attention to further examination. Step 4: Options A and C are incorrect as they assert the presence of an enlarged spleen without confirming it, leading to unnecessary workup. Step 5: Option D is incorrect as it definitively states the spleen is normal, which contradicts the physical examination findings.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the statement accurately describes the function of a stethoscope. A stethoscope doesn't magnify sound but rather blocks out extraneous room noise to allow for clear auscultation. This is essential for accurate assessment. Choice A is incorrect as the slope of the earpieces should point towards the nose, not the occiput. Choice C is incorrect because fit and quality are crucial for accurate auscultation, not just the ability to magnify sound. Choice D is incorrect as there isn't an ideal tubing length specified for all stethoscopes, and the focus should be on optimal sound transmission rather than dampening sound.