Exfoliative dermatitis may develop in patients with atopic dermatitis and extensive skin involvement, usually caused by inappropriate therapy or superinfection with

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Exfoliative dermatitis in atopic dermatitis patients can be due to superinfection, with Herpes simplex virus being a common cause (eczema herpeticum). It presents as widespread vesicular eruptions, requiring antiviral treatment to prevent complications like systemic dissemination.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Absence of a central pulse (carotid or femoral) confirms cardiac arrest. Peripheral pulses may be weak in shock, but loss of a central pulse requires immediate resuscitation efforts.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Alkali therapy can cause hypernatremia and skin slough but not hyperkalemia. The other options are potential side effects.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Preterm infants have limited glycogen stores and are at risk of hypoglycemia, which can lead to bradycardia, hypotension, and metabolic acidosis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Diarrhea leads to metabolic acidosis with a normal anion gap due to excessive bicarbonate loss in stool. This type of acidosis is known as hyperchloremic acidosis, where chloride replaces lost bicarbonate.