Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Erb’s palsy. Excessive traction and twisting of the neck during shoulder delivery can stretch or tear the brachial plexus nerves, leading to Erb’s palsy. This results in weakness or paralysis of the arm. Radial palsy (B) involves injury to the radial nerve, not typically caused by shoulder delivery. Torticollis (C) is a condition characterized by neck muscle contracture, not caused by excessive traction during delivery. Ecchymosis (D) refers to bruising and is not directly related to neck traction during delivery. In summary, Erb’s palsy is the correct choice due to the specific nerve injury pattern associated with excessive neck traction during shoulder delivery.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D (42 completed weeks) because a full-term pregnancy is considered to be around 40 weeks. Post maturity refers to a pregnancy that has exceeded the normal 40-week gestation period. At 42 weeks, the risk of complications such as stillbirth or issues with the placenta increases. Choice A (40 completed weeks) is incorrect because this is considered a full-term pregnancy. Choices B (38 completed weeks) and C (41 completed weeks) are incorrect as they do not meet the criteria for post maturity.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because in Cushing's syndrome, there is excess cortisol production leading to hyperglycemia (high glucose) and hypokalemia (low potassium). The high white blood cell count is due to the immunosuppressive effects of cortisol. Option B is incorrect as polycythemia is not typically seen in Cushing's syndrome. Option C is incorrect as low sodium and low potassium are not common findings in Cushing's syndrome. Option D is incorrect as high sodium, high chloride, and high RBCs are not typical features of Cushing's syndrome.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because partial response in cancer therapy typically refers to a reduction in tumor size by more than 50%. This reduction indicates some positive effect of the treatment on the tumor. Choice A is incorrect because partial response is not solely based on the percentage of patients demonstrating remission, it is about the tumor response. Choice B is incorrect because survival at 5 years is related to overall survival rate, not specifically to the tumor response. Choice D is incorrect because the conversion from unresectable to resectable is more related to the operability of the tumor, rather than the response to chemotherapy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Respiratory distress syndrome. Surfactant is essential for reducing surface tension in the alveoli, preventing their collapse. Inadequate levels of surfactant in a neonate result in respiratory distress syndrome. Meconium aspiration syndrome (A) is due to inhalation of meconium by the neonate. Intranatal pneumonia (B) is an infection acquired during birth. Congenital pneumothorax (D) is the presence of air in the pleural space, not directly related to surfactant levels.