Estrogen replacement therapy is given to relieve the symptoms of:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Estrogen replacement therapy is given to relieve the symptoms of menopause because it helps alleviate hot flashes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, and other menopausal symptoms by replacing the declining estrogen levels in the body. Cervicitis is inflammation of the cervix and is not treated with estrogen therapy. Pregnancy naturally increases estrogen levels and does not require estrogen replacement therapy. Endometriosis is a condition where endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus and is not specifically treated with estrogen replacement therapy. In summary, estrogen replacement therapy is indicated for menopausal symptoms due to declining estrogen levels.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Trabecular bone, also known as spongy bone, is characterized by its porous structure with trabeculae. It is found at the ends of long bones and inside flat bones. Spongy bone provides structural support and flexibility. Compact bone (A) is dense and forms the outer layer of bones. Cortical bone (B) is synonymous with compact bone. Choice D is incorrect as trabecular bone is specifically known as spongy bone.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Dislocation is the correct answer because it specifically refers to the displacement of a bone from its joint. A fracture (choice A) is a break in a bone, not a displacement. Choice C, displacement, is too general and does not specify the bone being out of a joint. A sprain (choice D) involves the stretching or tearing of ligaments, not the displacement of a bone. Therefore, dislocation is the most accurate term for the scenario described.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Arthritis. Arthritis specifically refers to inflammation of joints, making it the most appropriate choice. Osteomyelitis (B) is an infection of the bone, not joints. Chondritis (C) is inflammation of cartilage, not joints. The duplicate choice of Chondritis (D) is incorrect.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: hormones. Hormones, specifically estrogen and progesterone, control the menstrual cycle by regulating the release of an egg from the ovary, thickening the uterine lining, and preparing the body for pregnancy or menstruation. Hormonal fluctuations throughout the cycle signal the body to shed the uterine lining if fertilization does not occur. Choices A and B are incorrect as they describe events during the menstrual cycle rather than the trigger itself. Choice D, sexual intercourse, does not directly trigger the menstrual cycle but may lead to conception, which is one of the outcomes of the menstrual cycle.