ATI RN
Public Health Foundations Questions
Question 1 of 5
Epidemiological surveillance of hospital-related infections in healthcare includes all the following except for:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Vaccination is a preventive measure, not part of surveillance, which focuses on monitoring and analysis.
Question 2 of 5
According to NHS Scotland data in the last decade the participation in cytological screening has dropped from 80% to 70% in women aged 25-34 with low education. Indicate health effects of this situation:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lower screening participation among less-educated women increases health disparities.
Question 3 of 5
Which denominator number is used for calculating the mortality rate of the disease?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Mortality rate = (deaths / population) x constant, using the average population as the denominator.
Question 4 of 5
Researches from the Cleveland Clinic (OH, USA) found that a microbiome present in breast tissue may be associated with breast cancer (Oncotarget 2017; 8:88122-88138). They hope to find a biomarker which help in fast and easy breast cancer diagnosis. Let us assume that they have already found such an biomarker and prepared a diagnostic test for detecting its presence. Using this test they examined 100 women with breast cancer and 100 healthy women who were diagnosed with other methods. They obtained the following results: Indicate the false interpretation of those results:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Specificity = TN / (TN + FP) = 89 / (89 + 11) = 89%, not 11%. Thus, B is false.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following deaths are termed as premature death?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Premature death is typically defined as occurring before age 60 or 65 in public health contexts.