ATI RN
Endocrine System Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Endocrine glands differ from exocrine glands in that:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Endocrine glands (e.g., thyroid) are ductless, releasing hormones into blood for distant targets, while exocrine glands (e.g., sweat) use ducts to surfaces or cavities. Hormones versus waste oversimplifies exocrine products (e.g., saliva) aren't just waste. Both gland types are epithelial, not connective for exocrine. Interconnection isn't universal endocrine glands (e.g., adrenals) act independently, like exocrine. Ductless blood delivery distinguishes endocrine function, key to systemic reach, unlike ducted or mischaracterized traits.
Question 2 of 5
All of the following are hormones of the anterior pituitary except:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) comes from parathyroid glands, regulating calcium, not anterior pituitary. GH (growth), FSH (reproduction), and TSH (thyroid) are anterior pituitary hormones, driving target glands. PTH's external origin distinguishes it, key to its independent role, unlike pituitary tropic hormones.
Question 3 of 5
Failure of the pituitary to stop producing growth hormone after body growth is completed results in
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Excess pituitary growth hormone post-puberty, when epiphyseal plates are closed, causes acromegaly bone thickening, not height increase (gigantism, pre-closure). Tetany is calcium-related, kidney failure unrelated. Acromegaly's post-growth distinction is key, critical for diagnosing pituitary disorders, contrasting with pre-pubertal effects.
Question 4 of 5
The relatively constant internal environment of the body is maintained by
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Homeostasis maintains the body's stable internal environment (e.g., temperature, glucose) via mechanisms like negative feedback, not feedback itself or metabolism (energy processes). Positive feedback amplifies changes. Homeostasis's stabilizing role distinguishes it, key to physiological balance, integrating endocrine and nervous systems.
Question 5 of 5
The posterior pituitary gland stores and secretes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The posterior pituitary stores and releases oxytocin and ADH, made by the hypothalamus, for labor/fluid balance. Anterior pituitary produces GH, TSH, prolactin, FSH; adrenals make glucocorticoids/androgens. Oxytocin-ADH storage distinguishes its role, key to neurohypophyseal function, contrasting with synthesis sites.