ATI RN
Chapter 67 Care of Patients with Kidney Disorders Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Employers are required to provide _____________ vaccines free of charge to employees.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hepatitis B. This is because Hepatitis B is an occupational hazard for healthcare workers, requiring employers to provide the vaccine to employees free of charge. Measles, Ebola, and Malaria are not typically considered occupational hazards in most work settings, so providing vaccines for these diseases is not a legal requirement for employers. Hepatitis B vaccination helps protect employees from potential exposure in the workplace, making it a necessary and mandated vaccine for certain occupations.
Question 2 of 5
A school nurse is assessing children in the third grade for pediculosis capitis. What assessments should be made?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B) the head for nits on hair shafts. This is the correct assessment for pediculosis capitis as head lice infestation typically involves the presence of nits (lice eggs) attached to the hair shafts near the scalp. Checking for nits is crucial in identifying a head lice infestation accurately. Option A) checking the pubic area for hair growth is incorrect as pediculosis capitis specifically refers to head lice infestation, not pubic lice infestation. Option C) assessing the nails for evidence of cleanliness is irrelevant to the assessment of pediculosis capitis and does not provide any information about head lice infestation. Option D) examining the body for evidence of abuse is unrelated to pediculosis capitis assessment and is not a standard practice for identifying head lice infestation. In an educational context, understanding the correct assessment for pediculosis capitis is essential for school nurses and healthcare providers working with children. By knowing the specific signs and symptoms of head lice infestation, healthcare professionals can accurately diagnose and manage this common childhood condition, promoting prompt treatment and preventing its spread within the school or community. This knowledge also helps in educating parents and caregivers on effective prevention and treatment strategies for pediculosis capitis.
Question 3 of 5
Why is it important for the nurse to teach and role model proper body mechanics?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B) to promote health and prevent illness. Proper body mechanics are essential for nurses to prevent musculoskeletal injuries and promote their own health and well-being. By teaching and role modeling proper body mechanics, nurses not only protect themselves from workplace injuries but also ensure that they can continue to provide quality care to their patients without physical limitations. Option A (to ensure knowledgeable patient care) is incorrect because while proper body mechanics contribute to quality patient care indirectly by maintaining the nurse's physical health, the primary focus is on preventing injuries rather than directly impacting patient knowledge. Option C (to prevent unnecessary insurance claims) is incorrect because the importance of proper body mechanics goes beyond insurance claims. It is about promoting the overall health and safety of healthcare professionals and preventing long-term musculoskeletal issues. Option D (to demonstrate knowledge and skills) is incorrect because while proper body mechanics do reflect a nurse's knowledge and skills, the main purpose is to prevent injuries and maintain physical health rather than solely showcasing expertise. In an educational context, teaching proper body mechanics is crucial for nursing students to learn early in their training to prevent future injuries and promote a culture of safety in healthcare settings. By understanding and practicing good body mechanics, nurses can prolong their careers and provide optimal care to their patients.
Question 4 of 5
During a health history interview, a male patient tells the nurse that he does not feel that he completely empties his bladder when he voids. He has been diagnosed with an enlarged prostate. What is the name of this symptom?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B) urinary retention. In a male patient with an enlarged prostate, urinary retention occurs when the prostate gland presses against the urethra, obstructing the flow of urine and leading to incomplete bladder emptying. This results in the sensation of not fully emptying the bladder after voiding. Option A) urinary incontinence refers to the involuntary loss of urine, which is not the symptom described in the patient's case. Option C) involuntary voiding implies the inability to control urination, which is different from the retention described. Option D) urinary frequency refers to the need to urinate more often than usual, which is not the primary concern in this scenario. Understanding the symptoms of urinary retention in patients with an enlarged prostate is crucial for nurses and healthcare providers to provide appropriate care and interventions. Educating patients on the signs and symptoms of urinary retention can help in early identification and management of this condition to prevent complications such as urinary tract infections or bladder damage. Nurses play a key role in assessing, educating, and supporting patients with kidney disorders like urinary retention, emphasizing the importance of accurate symptom recognition for timely interventions.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following statements accurately describes the act of defecation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B) Centers in the medulla and the spinal cord govern the reflex to defecate because defecation is indeed a reflex action that involves the coordination of nerve signals between the brainstem (specifically the medulla oblongata) and the spinal cord. This reflex allows for the coordinated relaxation of the internal and external anal sphincters and the contraction of the colon to expel fecal matter. Option A is incorrect because defecation does not refer to the emptying of the small intestine; rather, it is the process of eliminating waste from the colon and rectum. Option C is incorrect because sympathetic stimulation actually causes constriction of the internal anal sphincter, not relaxation. Option D is incorrect because rectal distention leads to an increase in intrarectal pressure, which triggers the defecation reflex, rather than a decrease. Educationally, understanding the physiology of defecation is crucial for healthcare professionals, especially nurses, to provide optimal care for patients with bowel disorders. Knowing the neural control of defecation helps in managing issues such as constipation, fecal incontinence, and other bowel-related problems effectively. It also underscores the importance of maintaining bowel health through proper diet, hydration, and regular toileting habits.