ATI RN
Infectious Disease Pediatric Questions
Question 1 of 5
Ebstein anomaly can be induced by teratogenic effect of
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lithium (A) exposure in pregnancy is linked to Ebstein anomaly (tricuspid valve malformation), unlike other teratogens (B, C, D, E) with different effects.
Question 2 of 5
Regarding herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, all the following statements are true EXCEPT
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Neonatal HSV is mostly HSV-2 (70-85%), not HSV-1 (A), due to genital prevalence. Birth canal acquisition (B), primary infection risk (C), reactivation risk (D), and asymptomatic mothers (E) are true.
Question 3 of 5
A 7-day-old infant, a product of normal vaginal delivery, presented with history of clear, watery discharge from both eyes that became purulent; on examination there is conjunctival hyperemia and chemosis. Of the following, the recommended treatment is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Purulent conjunctivitis at 7 days suggests gonococcal infection, treated with IM ceftriaxone (E) to prevent complications, per CDC.
Question 4 of 5
In late-onset sepsis (8 to 28 days), the LEAST common focal infection result from hematogenous seeding is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pneumonia (C) is less common in late-onset sepsis from hematogenous spread, unlike arthritis (A), meningitis (B), osteomyelitis (D), or UTI (E), per neonatal data.
Question 5 of 5
In intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus may be managed with serial daily lumbar punctures, an external ventriculostomy tube, or a permanent ventricular-peritoneal shunt. Implementation of the shunt often is delayed because of the
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Shunt delay in IVH hydrocephalus is due to high protein (D) clogging risk, more than RBCs (C), infection (B), kinking (A), or glucose (E).