Early detection of a hearing impairment is critical because of its effect on a variety of areas of a child's life. Which one is of critical importance?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D) Speech development. Early detection of hearing impairment is crucial because it directly impacts a child's ability to develop speech and language skills. Hearing loss can significantly hinder a child's speech production, articulation, vocabulary development, and overall communication abilities. Without timely intervention, children with hearing impairments may experience delays in language acquisition and struggle to communicate effectively, which can lead to social, emotional, and academic challenges. Option A) Reading development is not the most critical importance in this context because although hearing impairment can impact a child's ability to learn phonics and auditory processing necessary for reading, speech development is more fundamental for overall communication. Option B) Relationships with peers can also be affected by hearing impairment, but clear communication through speech is essential for establishing and maintaining relationships with peers. Option C) Performance at school can be influenced by hearing impairment, particularly in understanding instructions, participating in class discussions, and academic progress. However, without proper speech development, a child may face even greater obstacles in academic settings due to difficulties in expressing themselves and comprehending spoken language. Educationally, understanding the significance of early detection of hearing impairment in children is crucial for healthcare professionals, educators, and parents to ensure appropriate interventions are implemented to support the child's speech and language development, social interactions, and academic success. Early identification and intervention can significantly improve outcomes for children with hearing impairments, enabling them to reach their full potential and thrive in various aspects of their lives.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of pediatric nursing, minimizing separation anxiety in hospitalized toddlers is crucial for their emotional well-being and recovery. The correct answer, "D) Encourage parents to room-in," is the most appropriate nursing intervention for several reasons. Rooming-in allows the child to have familiar faces and comforting presence nearby, which can significantly reduce feelings of fear and anxiety associated with separation from parents. This practice promotes a sense of security, continuity of care, and supports the child's emotional needs during a stressful hospitalization period. Option A, "Explain procedures and routines," while important for providing information and structure, may not directly address the emotional distress caused by separation from parents. Children at this age are more likely to seek comfort and reassurance from familiar caregivers rather than understanding complex procedures. Option B, "Encourage contact with children the same age," is beneficial for social interaction and peer support, but it may not effectively address the immediate needs of a toddler experiencing separation anxiety from their parents. Option C, "Provide for privacy," is not directly related to addressing separation anxiety in a hospitalized toddler. Privacy is important for dignity and respect, but it may not alleviate the child's distress related to parental separation. In an educational context, understanding the emotional needs of pediatric patients is fundamental for nursing care. By choosing the correct intervention of encouraging parents to room-in, nurses can create a supportive environment that prioritizes the emotional well-being of hospitalized toddlers. This approach not only helps in managing separation anxiety but also fosters a sense of security and comfort for the child during a challenging healthcare experience.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct action for the nurse to take is to administer the DTaP vaccine to the 15-month-old child. The DTaP vaccine is typically recommended for children at this age to protect against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis. Administering this vaccine aligns with the standard immunization schedule for pediatric patients. Option B, administering the rotavirus vaccine, is not the most appropriate action in this case as the child's age indicates that they have likely already received the rotavirus vaccine earlier in infancy. Rotavirus vaccination is typically given in multiple doses during infancy. Option C, holding immunizations until the fever subsides, is not recommended as mild illnesses like low-grade fevers do not contraindicate routine vaccinations. It is important to educate parents that mild illnesses should not delay vaccinations unless the child is significantly unwell. Option D, administering the hepatitis A vaccine, is not the priority at this age unless specifically indicated based on the child's medical history or risk factors. Hepatitis A vaccination is not typically administered at 15 months as part of the routine immunization schedule. Educationally, this question emphasizes the importance of understanding the recommended immunization schedule for pediatric patients and the rationale behind each vaccine. It highlights the nurse's role in providing evidence-based care and promoting preventive health measures for children. By selecting the correct answer, the nurse demonstrates competency in pediatric vaccine administration and adherence to best practices in pediatric care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) Febrile seizures may occur with a fever of 100.5°F (38°C) or higher. This statement is accurate because febrile seizures are commonly associated with rapid temperature elevation in children, typically occurring with fevers above 100.4°F. It is important for parents to understand this threshold to be vigilant and prepared in case their child experiences a febrile seizure. Option A is incorrect because febrile seizures are not always indicative of a serious underlying condition. They are often benign and do not necessarily imply a severe medical issue. Option C is incorrect as febrile seizures, though frightening to witness, usually do not cause permanent neurological damage. Option D is also incorrect as it is not recommended to restrain a child during a febrile seizure; instead, the child should be placed on a safe surface and monitored to prevent injury. In an educational context, teaching parents about febrile seizures is crucial as it empowers them to respond appropriately if their child experiences one. Understanding the triggers, signs, and management of febrile seizures can help alleviate parental anxiety and ensure the safety and well-being of the child during such an episode.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In caring for a child with cystic fibrosis, addressing the finding of increased cough with thick mucus is the priority for the nurse. This is because thick mucus in the airways is a hallmark of cystic fibrosis, leading to airway obstruction, decreased lung function, and increased risk of respiratory infections. By addressing this symptom, the nurse can help improve the child's respiratory status and overall quality of life. Difficulty in gaining weight is a common issue in cystic fibrosis due to malabsorption, but addressing respiratory symptoms takes precedence as it directly impacts the child's breathing and oxygenation. Loose, fatty stools are characteristic of cystic fibrosis due to pancreatic insufficiency, but they are not immediately life-threatening compared to respiratory complications. Educationally, understanding the priority of addressing respiratory symptoms in cystic fibrosis is crucial for nurses caring for pediatric patients with this condition. By grasping the significance of managing respiratory manifestations promptly, nurses can enhance patient outcomes and provide holistic care to children with cystic fibrosis.