ATI RN
Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Early clamping of umbilical cord may lead to all the following EXCEPT
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Early clamping risks anemia (A), murmur (C), and poor perfusion (D). Less tachypnea (B) isn’t an effect; it may worsen breathing.
Question 2 of 5
A 7-month-old child presents in late October with 3 days of fever to $103^{\circ} \mathrm{F}$, a mildly injected pharynx, mild cervical adenopathy, and diarrhea. On the fourth day of the illness, the fever ceases and a measles-like rash appears. The most likely diagnosis is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: HHV-6 (roseola) typically presents with high fever followed by a rash after fever resolution, common in infants.
Question 3 of 5
A 15-year-old female wishes to play soccer in school and needs medical clearance. On physical examination, her liver edge is palpable and seems minimally enlarged. Ultrasonography of the liver shows one cyst approximately 3 $\mathrm{cm}$ in diameter. Her menstruation is normal. Results of serologic test results for Echinococus and hepatitis are negative, and liver enzyme values are normal. She has lived her whole life in Salt Lake City, Utah, and has never traveled abroad. Which factor is most important in allowing her to play this sport?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Negative echinococcal serology rules out hydatid disease, the primary concern for a liver cyst in sports clearance.
Question 4 of 5
A 10-month-old child presents with a temperature of $105^{\circ} \mathrm{F}$, watery diarrhea, and a generalized seizure. The most likely cause of this syndrome is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Shigella can cause high fever, watery diarrhea, and seizures (shigellosis encephalopathy) in young children.
Question 5 of 5
All of the following are requirements for the diagnosis of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis EXCEPT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hyperexpansion and hilar adenopathy are not required diagnostic criteria for allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.