ATI RN
Basic Care Needs of Patients Questions
Question 1 of 5
Early central venous pressure monitoring during fluid resuscitation in the ED has the greatest utility in a:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, a patient with a severe cardiac contusion. Central venous pressure monitoring is essential for assessing fluid status and cardiac function in patients with significant cardiac injuries. Monitoring CVP can guide fluid resuscitation and help optimize cardiac output in these patients. Choice A, a patient with a splenic laceration, does not typically require CVP monitoring as the focus is on managing bleeding and hemodynamic stability. Choice B, a patient with an inhalation injury, would benefit more from oxygenation monitoring and respiratory support rather than CVP monitoring. Choice C, a 6-year-old child with a pelvic fracture, may require monitoring for hypovolemic shock but not necessarily through CVP monitoring, which is more invasive and not typically indicated in this scenario.
Question 2 of 5
A 22-year-old male fell from 2m and has a large right pneumothorax. Chest tube placed but x-rays show persistent pneumothorax. The diagnosis is likely:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, "Tracheobronchial injury." In this scenario, the persistent pneumothorax despite chest tube placement suggests air leakage from a larger airway, indicating tracheobronchial injury. Rib fractures (B) would not cause persistent pneumothorax. Pulmonary contusion (C) would present differently on imaging. Cardiac tamponade (D) involves blood accumulation in the pericardial sac, not air in the pleural space.
Question 3 of 5
Minute ventilation increases primarily due to an increase in tidal volume. Hypocapnia (PaCO2 of 30 mm Hg) is therefore common in late pregnancy. A PaCO2 of 35 to 40 mm Hg may indicate impending respiratory failure during pregnancy.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rationale: D is correct because assessing respiratory status during pregnancy requires a comprehensive approach. Clinical examination, AP and odontoid views, or CT scans help evaluate the airway, breathing, and potential spinal injury. This is crucial to identify impending respiratory failure. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A is incorrect because respiratory assessment is part of the secondary survey, not the primary survey in trauma care. B is incorrect as respiratory assessments do not specifically exclude spinal injuries. C is incorrect as respiratory assessments are not indicated for all trauma patients, but for those with potential respiratory compromise.
Question 4 of 5
_____ is a federal health insurance program for people who are 65 years of age or older or people of any age with permanent kidney failure or certain disabilities.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Medicare. Medicare is specifically designed as a federal health insurance program for individuals who are 65 years of age or older, individuals with permanent kidney failure, and certain disabilities. It provides coverage for hospital care, medical services, and prescription drugs for eligible individuals. Choice B: Medicaid is a separate federal and state program that provides health coverage for low-income individuals and families. Choice C: Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is a federal agency responsible for ensuring safe and healthy working conditions. Choice D: Health and Human Services (HHS) is a federal department that oversees various health and human services programs, but it is not a health insurance program specifically for the mentioned groups.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following statements is true of ethics?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Ethics refer to moral principles that govern a person's behavior. Step 2: Knowledge of what is right and wrong is fundamental to understanding and applying ethics. Step 3: This aligns with the definition and concept of ethics. Step 4: Other choices are incorrect: - A: Ethics are not solely government-imposed rules. - C: Misdemeanors are legal terms, not directly related to ethics. - D: Ethics are crucial in healthcare for making ethical decisions.