ATI RN
Basic Care Needs of Patients Questions
Question 1 of 5
Early central venous pressure monitoring during fluid resuscitation in the ED has the greatest utility in a:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because central venous pressure monitoring is crucial in patients with severe cardiac contusion to guide fluid resuscitation and assess cardiac function. In this scenario, monitoring CVP can help optimize fluid management and prevent fluid overload. A: Patient with a splenic laceration - CVP monitoring is not necessary for this injury. B: Patient with an inhalation injury - CVP monitoring is not specifically indicated for this condition. C: 6-year-old child with a pelvic fracture - While CVP monitoring can be useful in pediatric trauma patients, it is not specifically indicated for a pelvic fracture in a child without signs of hemodynamic instability.
Question 2 of 5
A 22-year-old male fell from 2m and has a large right pneumothorax. Chest tube placed but x-rays show persistent pneumothorax. The diagnosis is likely:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, "Tracheobronchal injury," because the scenario of a large right pneumothorax following a fall from a height suggests a significant chest trauma. The persistence of the pneumothorax despite chest tube placement indicates an ongoing source of air leak, which is commonly seen with tracheobronchial injuries. Rib fractures (B) would not cause persistent pneumothorax. Pulmonary contusion (C) typically presents with diffuse alveolar damage. Cardiac tamponade (D) is unlikely in this case as there are no indications of cardiac injury.
Question 3 of 5
Minute ventilation increases primarily due to an increase in tidal volume. Hypocapnia (PaCO2 of 30 mm Hg) is therefore common in late pregnancy. A PaCO2 of 35 to 40 mm Hg may indicate impending respiratory failure during pregnancy.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because assessing the airway, breathing, and circulation (ABC) should be combined with a thorough clinical examination, including imaging studies like AP and odontoid X-rays or CT scans, to evaluate potential spinal cord injuries comprehensively. This approach allows for a more accurate diagnosis and appropriate management. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because performing ABC assessments alone may not provide sufficient information to evaluate spinal cord injuries in trauma patients, and imaging studies are necessary to rule out or confirm such injuries.
Question 4 of 5
_____ is a federal health insurance program for people who are 65 years of age or older or people of any age with permanent kidney failure or certain disabilities.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Medicare is the correct answer because it specifically caters to individuals who are 65 years old or older, those with permanent kidney failure, or certain disabilities. Medicaid, on the other hand, is a state and federally funded program that provides health coverage for low-income individuals of all ages. Occupational Safety and Health Administration focuses on workplace safety regulations, not health insurance. Health and Human Services is a government department that oversees various health and human services programs, but it is not a health insurance program like Medicare.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following statements is true of ethics?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Ethics refer to moral principles that govern a person's behavior. Step 2: Knowledge of what is right and wrong is essential to understanding ethics. Step 3: This knowledge guides individuals in making ethical decisions. Step 4: Choice B correctly defines ethics as the knowledge of what is right and wrong. Summary: Choice A is incorrect because ethics are not solely government rules. Choice C is incorrect as misdemeanors are legal violations, not ethical principles. Choice D is incorrect as ethics are crucial in healthcare for making moral decisions.