ATI RN
Gastrointestinal Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Each of the following statements about Brunner's glands is correct except
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B Rationale: - Brunner's glands secrete an alkaline mucous-rich fluid for protection, not digestive enzymes. - A is correct as Brunner's glands are found in the duodenal wall. - C is correct as they are located in the submucosal layer. - D is correct as they empty secretions into the crypts of Lieberkuhn, aiding in digestion.
Question 2 of 5
A client hospitalized with ulcerative colitis reports 10-20 small diarrhea stools per day, with abdominal pain prior to defecation. The client appears depressed and underweight and is uninterested in self-care or suggested therapies. What is the priority nursing diagnosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements related to nutrient loss. This is the priority nursing diagnosis because the client is underweight and experiencing significant nutrient loss due to the high frequency of diarrhea stools. Addressing the nutritional needs is crucial to prevent further weight loss and malnutrition. Choice A is incorrect because the issue is not just irritated bowel causing diarrhea but also nutrient loss leading to weight loss. Choice C is incorrect as the abdominal pain is not the primary concern in this case. Choice D is incorrect because the client's main issue is related to physical symptoms (nutrient loss and weight loss) rather than coping with the chronic illness.
Question 3 of 5
A client complained of sore throat after the procedure of EG The nurse observed that the client's gag reflex has returne What measure can the nurse take to relieve the client's discomfort?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Provide him with ice chips. Ice chips can help soothe the client's sore throat by providing a cooling effect, reducing inflammation, and numbing the area. This can help relieve discomfort and reduce pain. Providing lots of fluids (Choice A) may be beneficial for hydration but may not directly target the sore throat. Providing nourishments (Choice C) is important for overall health but may not specifically address the sore throat. Providing medications (Choice D) may be necessary in some cases, but starting with a non-invasive and simple intervention like ice chips is often preferred.
Question 4 of 5
In which group of clients will the nurse observe the pain to be mild or absent in pancreatitis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Older adults. In pancreatitis, older adults may have diminished pain perception due to age-related changes in nerve function. This can lead to mild or absent pain sensation despite the presence of significant inflammation in the pancreas. Women nearing menopause (choice A) may still experience significant pain. Children (choice B) and young adults (choice C) are more likely to experience severe pain due to their higher pain perception and sensitivity.
Question 5 of 5
When caring for a patient who has had most of the stomach surgically removed, what is important for the nurse to teach the patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because after stomach surgery, particularly gastrectomy, the production of intrinsic factor, necessary for vitamin B12 absorption, is significantly reduced. Therefore, lifelong supplementation of cobalamin (vitamin B12) is crucial to prevent pernicious anemia. Iron supplementation (Choice A) may be necessary due to reduced iron absorption but is not the priority. Avoiding lactose-containing foods (Choice B) may be helpful, but it is not the most critical teaching. The absence of digestive enzymes (Choice D) might require enzyme replacement therapy, but the primary concern is vitamin B12 deficiency due to reduced intrinsic factor production.