ATI RN
NCLEX Questions for Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Each 100 ml of blood leaving the alveolar capillaries carries away roughly ________ ml of oxygen.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 20. The average human body consumes about 250 ml of oxygen per minute, and the lungs extract roughly one-fourth of this amount. Since the total cardiac output is around 5 liters per minute, and each liter of blood carries approximately 20 ml of oxygen, each 100 ml of blood leaving the alveolar capillaries would carry away roughly 20 ml of oxygen. Choice A (10 ml) is too low, as it does not account for the efficient oxygen extraction by the lungs. Choice C (30 ml) is too high, exceeding the typical oxygen-carrying capacity of blood. Choice D (50 ml) is also too high, as it overestimates the amount of oxygen carried by each 100 ml of blood.
Question 2 of 5
A section of the lung that receives its own tertiary bronchus is called the ________.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: bronchopulmonary segment. This segment of the lung is supplied by its own tertiary bronchus, allowing for independent ventilation. Bronchopulmonary segments are functional units of the lung with their own blood supply and bronchial branches. B: Pulmonary lobule is incorrect as it refers to a small unit of lung tissue surrounded by connective tissue septa. C: Interpulmonary segment is not a recognized term in anatomy. D: Respiratory segment is not a specific anatomical term related to the lung's bronchial divisions.
Question 3 of 5
The trachea divide into two smaller tubes called....
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: bronchi. After entering the lungs, the trachea divides into two smaller tubes known as the bronchi, which further divide into bronchioles. The bronchi are responsible for conducting air into the lungs. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the trachea does not divide into another trachea, micro trachea is not a known anatomical structure, and the eustachian tube is not part of the respiratory system but instead connects the middle ear to the throat.
Question 4 of 5
pharynx subdivided to how many parts ?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The pharynx is divided into three parts: nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx. The nasopharynx connects the nasal cavity to the oropharynx, which connects to the oral cavity, and then the laryngopharynx connects to the esophagus and larynx. Therefore, the correct answer is A (3 parts). Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the pharynx is not subdivided into 2, 4, or 5 parts based on its anatomical structure.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with a closed-chest drainage system with chest tubes. Which observation confirms that the system is intact and working?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because fluctuations in the water level in the water-seal chamber indicate that the system is intact and working properly. When the water level fluctuates, it signifies that the system is maintaining the pressure gradient needed for proper drainage and lung re-expansion. Explanation of why other choices are incorrect: B: The level of fluid in the collection chamber rising does not confirm the system's integrity or functionality. C: Constant bubbles in the water-seal chamber indicate an air leak, which is not desirable in a closed-chest drainage system. D: Attaching suction is a step in setting up the system but does not confirm ongoing function or integrity.