During ventricular systole, the atria are ___ the ventricles are ___ the AV valves are ___ and the SL valves are ___

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: During ventricular systole, atria relax, ventricles contract, AV valves close (S₁), and SL valves open (C) to eject blood. B is atrial systole, A/D mismatch phases.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Per Poiseuille’s law, decreased diameter increases resistance (C, ∝ 1/r⁴), raising BP if flow is constant. A, B, D mismatch resistance-BP relationship.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Pulse is the arterial wall’s expansion and recoil (A) with each heartbeat. B is the cause, C is systolic pressure, D is diastolic, not the pulse itself.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The foramen ovale (C) is the fetal atrial opening, shunting blood from right to left atrium to bypass lungs. Ductus venosus (A) shunts liver, ductus arteriosus (B) lungs, circle of Willis (D) is cerebral.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The first branches of the aorta are the coronary arteries (B), arising from the aortic root to supply the heart. Brachiocephalic (A), carotid (C), and subclavian (D) branch from the aortic arch.