ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Assessment Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
During ventricular contraction:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: During ventricular contraction (systole), most but not all blood is ejected (ejection fraction is typically 50-70%). Some blood remains in the ventricles (end-systolic volume), and properly functioning AV valves prevent backflow into the atria.
Question 2 of 5
A client diagnosed with essential hypertension asks the nurse what exactly is measured by taking a blood pressure. The nurse explains to the client that blood pressure is a reflection of pressure in which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Blood pressure is a measurement of the pressure exerted by the blood being pumped by the heart into the blood vessels, specifically measured in the larger arteries. Blood pressure may be influenced by the heart and intrathoracic pressure, but is accurately defined as pressure within the blood vessels. (Source: Document, Pretest Answer 5, p. 76)
Question 3 of 5
The following four components of the blood are necessary for clotting:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Blood clotting requires calcium (cofactor), prothrombin (converted to thrombin), fibrinogen (forms fibrin), and platelets (form the plug and release clotting factors). Heparin inhibits clotting, and albumin/globulin/vitamin A are not directly involved.
Question 4 of 5
Which statement about erythrocytes is untrue?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Erythrocytes number ~25 trillion, are biconcave discs, and hemoglobin is ~15% of blood weight (close to one-sixth), but citric acid is not a key component (heme and globin are). This statement is untrue.
Question 5 of 5
Hemostasis does not involve:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hemostasis includes vasoconstriction (smooth muscle), platelet adhesion, and clot retraction. The renin-angiotensin system regulates blood pressure, not directly involved in hemostasis.