During transportation of Carbon dioxide, blood will not become acidic, because

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Choice C is correct because blood contains buffers like bicarbonate that help maintain pH balance by neutralizing excess acids or bases. This prevents blood from becoming acidic during CO2 transportation. Choices A and B are incorrect as hemoglobin doesn't directly regulate blood pH, and hemoglobinc acid is not a component in blood. Choice D is incorrect as high CO2 levels can actually lead to blood becoming more acidic if not properly buffered.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because a sensitized B cell requires activation by a helper T cell releasing cytokines to undergo differentiation and proliferation into plasma cells. This interaction is crucial for initiating the humoral immune response. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because binding to a cytotoxic T cell, cloning of memory B cells, or cloning of plasma cells do not directly activate a sensitized B cell for its function in producing antibodies.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B (45 mm Hg) because the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in venous blood is typically around 40-45 mm Hg. This value represents the amount of CO2 dissolved in the blood plasma. Option A (40 mm Hg) is slightly on the lower side and may not fully reflect the average value. Option C (50 mm Hg) is higher than the usual range for venous blood CO2 levels. Option D (70 mm Hg) is significantly higher than the normal range and is more characteristic of arterial blood CO2 levels. Therefore, option B is the most accurate representation of the partial pressure of CO2 in venous blood.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: electrolyte balance. Hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen is primarily influenced by factors such as pH, temperature, and the partial pressure of oxygen (PO2). Electrolyte balance, on the other hand, does not directly impact hemoglobin's ability to bind with oxygen. Changes in electrolyte levels may affect overall blood composition but do not directly alter hemoglobin's oxygen-binding capacity. Therefore, electrolyte balance does not affect hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen, making it the correct choice. RBC metabolic activity can impact oxygen release from hemoglobin, temperature can affect hemoglobin's oxygen-binding capacity, and the PO2 of blood directly influences oxygen binding to hemoglobin.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Emphysema is the correct answer because it is characterized by the destruction of alveolar walls and connective tissues in the lungs, leading to reduced respiratory surface area. Asthma is characterized by airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction. Bronchitis is inflammation of the bronchial tubes. Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection affecting the lungs. Emphysema best fits the description provided in the question.