ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2019 Questions
Question 1 of 5
During transfusion of a unit of whole blood, a nurse is assessing a client who develops a cough, shortness of breath, elevated blood pressure, and distended neck veins. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following medications?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The client's symptoms indicate circulatory overload, which can occur during blood transfusions. Furosemide, a loop diuretic, is commonly prescribed in such cases to help relieve manifestations of circulatory overload by promoting diuresis and reducing fluid volume. Epinephrine is used for severe allergic reactions, lorazepam for anxiety or seizures, and diphenhydramine for mild allergic reactions or as a sedative.
Question 2 of 5
A client has a new prescription for clonidine to treat hypertension. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client starting clonidine therapy for hypertension is to avoid driving until their reaction to the medication is known. Clonidine can cause drowsiness, so it is important for the client to refrain from activities that require alertness until they are aware of how the medication affects them. This precaution ensures the client's safety and the safety of others while taking the medication.
Question 3 of 5
A client has a prescription for furosemide. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client taking furosemide is to eat a diet high in potassium. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can lead to potassium loss, potentially causing hypokalemia. Consuming foods rich in potassium can help maintain normal potassium levels in the body and counteract the potential side effect of furosemide.
Question 4 of 5
A client is starting to take amitriptyline. The healthcare provider should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Urinary retention is a common anticholinergic effect associated with amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant. Amitriptyline can cause relaxation of the bladder sphincter muscles, leading to urinary retention. Monitoring for this adverse effect is crucial to prevent complications and ensure prompt intervention if needed.
Question 5 of 5
A healthcare provider is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for metronidazole. The healthcare provider should instruct the client to avoid which of the following?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Alcohol. Clients should avoid alcohol while taking metronidazole due to the risk of a disulfiram-like reaction. This reaction can cause symptoms like flushing, headache, nausea, and vomiting when alcohol is consumed while on metronidazole. Dairy products, leafy green vegetables, and grapefruit juice do not have significant interactions with metronidazole.