During the rehabilitation period, an assessment that may indicate development of septic shock is

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of the neurological system and rehabilitation, the correct answer to the question about an assessment that may indicate the development of septic shock being cloudy urine is rooted in understanding the physiological processes that occur in septic shock. Septic shock is a serious condition where an infection leads to a systemic inflammatory response, causing low blood pressure and inadequate tissue perfusion. Cloudy urine can indicate the presence of infection or inflammation in the body, which can be a sign of sepsis progression. Regarding the incorrect options: - Nausea is a non-specific symptom that can be caused by various factors and is not a specific indicator of septic shock. - Depression is a mental health condition and is not directly related to the physiological indicators of septic shock. - Hypertension is not typically associated with septic shock; instead, hypotension (low blood pressure) is a hallmark sign due to the systemic vasodilation and decreased vascular tone seen in septic shock. In an educational context, understanding the signs and symptoms of septic shock is crucial for healthcare professionals working in neurorehabilitation settings. This knowledge can help in early identification and prompt management of potentially life-threatening conditions, ensuring better patient outcomes. Educating healthcare providers on recognizing subtle signs like cloudy urine can lead to timely interventions and improved patient care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In assessing a patient with osteoarthritis, the major complaint often includes joint-related symptoms. Grating during hip motion (option B) is a common complaint in osteoarthritis due to the degeneration of joint cartilage, resulting in friction during movement. This symptom aligns with the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis and is a hallmark sign for this condition. Numbness of the lower extremities (option A) is more indicative of neurological issues such as nerve compression or neuropathy, not typically associated with osteoarthritis. Cramping of calf muscles at night (option C) is more suggestive of vascular issues like peripheral artery disease. Cold feet when sitting (option D) could be related to poor circulation or nerve-related problems but is not a typical complaint specifically linked to osteoarthritis. Educationally, understanding the distinguishing symptoms of various conditions is crucial for accurate assessment and diagnosis in nursing practice. Connecting symptoms to their underlying pathophysiology aids in providing appropriate interventions and improving patient outcomes. Students need to grasp the significance of specific complaints in differentiating between musculoskeletal, neurological, and vascular disorders to deliver effective patient care.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer, D) encourage him to feed himself at his own pace, is the best initial nursing action in this scenario for several reasons. Encouraging Mr. Smith to feed himself promotes independence and autonomy, which are crucial for his overall well-being and self-esteem. It also allows him to have control over his own care, fostering a sense of empowerment and dignity. Option A) arranging to have someone feed him may undermine his independence and not address the underlying reason for his reluctance to feed himself. Option B) delaying his breakfast could lead to further discomfort and agitation for Mr. Smith without addressing the issue at hand. Option C) asking him why he does not want to feed himself is important but should come after encouraging him to try feeding himself, as it prioritizes autonomy first. In an educational context, this question highlights the importance of person-centered care and the promotion of patient autonomy in nursing practice. It emphasizes the need to empower patients in their care decisions and to approach situations with a focus on individual preferences and abilities. By choosing the correct answer, nurses can support patients in maintaining their independence and dignity, ultimately enhancing their overall quality of life.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) First thing in the morning on an empty stomach with a full glass of water, 30 to 60 minutes before eating, without lying down. This is the proper way to take bisphosphonate medications for the treatment of osteoporosis because these medications are best absorbed on an empty stomach. Taking them with a full glass of water helps ensure proper absorption and reduces the risk of irritation to the esophagus. It is important to remain upright for 30 to 60 minutes after taking bisphosphonates to prevent reflux and potential irritation of the esophagus. Option A) On a full stomach is incorrect because bisphosphonates should be taken on an empty stomach to maximize absorption. Option C) Just before getting into bed is incorrect because lying down too soon after taking bisphosphonates can increase the risk of esophageal irritation. Option D) With an acidic liquid, like orange juice, is incorrect because acidic beverages can reduce the absorption of bisphosphonates. In an educational context, teaching patients the correct way to take their medications is crucial for ensuring treatment efficacy and minimizing side effects. Proper medication administration can significantly impact the outcomes of therapy, especially in conditions like osteoporosis where adherence to medication regimens is essential for preventing fractures and maintaining bone health. Providing clear instructions on medication administration empowers patients to take an active role in their treatment and promotes better health outcomes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) Canned salmon with bones. This option is the best choice because it contains both calcium and vitamin D, which are essential for optimal calcium absorption in the body. The bones in canned salmon are a rich source of easily absorbable calcium, making it an ideal non-dairy source for meeting daily calcium requirements. Option A) Green leafy vegetables are good sources of calcium, but the calcium in them is not as easily absorbed by the body compared to the calcium in salmon with bones. Option C) Broccoli contains some calcium, but the amount is relatively low compared to what the client may need to meet daily requirements. Option D) Calcium-fortified orange juice is a good source of calcium, but it may not provide as much calcium per serving as canned salmon with bones. In an educational context, it is important for healthcare professionals to be knowledgeable about alternative sources of nutrients, especially for clients with specific dietary restrictions or preferences. Understanding the bioavailability of nutrients from different food sources can help in providing appropriate dietary recommendations for clients to support their recovery and overall health.