During the latter stages of pregnancy, many women experience an increase in body hair growth in a masculine pattern. What is the explanation for this?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step 1: Maternal and fetal adrenal glands secrete androgenic steroids. Step 2: Placenta uses these androgenic steroids to form estrogen. Step 3: Increased estrogen levels can lead to body hair growth. Therefore, the correct answer (C) is supported by the process of androgenic steroids being secreted by the adrenal glands, utilized by the placenta to form estrogen, resulting in increased body hair growth. Summary: A (The ovaries secrete some testosterone along with estrogen) is incorrect as testosterone is not primarily secreted by the ovaries late in pregnancy. B (The fetal ovaries and testes secrete androgenic steroids) is incorrect as the primary source of androgenic steroids in this context is the adrenal glands, not fetal ovaries or testes. D (The placenta secretes estrogen, some of which is metabolized to testosterone) is incorrect as the main source of estrogen in this scenario is from the and

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Bulbourethral glands. These glands produce thick, clear mucus that cleanses the penile urethra of acidic urine before ejaculation. This mucus helps neutralize the acidity of urine, creating a more hospitable environment for sperm to travel through. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Testes produce sperm, not mucus. B: Seminal vesicles produce a fluid rich in fructose to nourish sperm. C: Prostate produces a milky fluid that aids in sperm motility.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: vesicular (Graafian) follicle. At the time of ovulation, the secondary oocyte is surrounded by this structure, which is a mature follicle containing a fluid-filled antrum. This structure is essential for the release of the oocyte during ovulation. The other choices, B: primary follicle, C: primordial follicle, and D: uterine (fallopian) follicle, are incorrect because primary follicles are immature, primordial follicles are the earliest stage of follicle development, and uterine (fallopian) follicle is not a correct anatomical term.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, seminal gland, which provides a temporary storage site for immature sperm. Seminal glands are responsible for producing seminal fluid which nourishes and protects the sperm. The immature sperm are stored in the seminal gland until they mature. The other choices, B tunica albuginea, is a tough layer surrounding the testes, not involved in sperm storage. C ductus deferens is a tube that transports mature sperm from the epididymis to the urethra, not for storage of immature sperm. D is a duplicate of C, so it is incorrect.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: cryptorchidism. Cryptorchidism is the condition where one or both testes fail to descend into the scrotum. This leads to impaired spermatogenesis as the temperature in the abdominal cavity is too high for proper sperm production. Phimosis (A) is the narrowing of the opening of the foreskin, unrelated to testicular descent. The acrosomal reaction (B) is a process during fertilization, not related to testicular descent. Cleavage (D) refers to the rapid mitotic cell divisions of the zygote, not associated with testicular descent.