ATI RN
Disorders of the Genitourinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
During the interview, a patient reveals that she has some vaginal discharge. She is worried that it may be a sexually transmitted infection. The nurse's most appropriate response to this would be:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it focuses on gathering more information about the vaginal discharge, which is essential in assessing the patient's condition. By asking about the color of the discharge, the nurse can gather valuable information to help determine if it might be related to a sexually transmitted infection or another issue. This approach shows a patient-centered and thorough assessment. Choice A is incorrect as it dismisses the patient's concerns without obtaining further information. Choice B jumps to conclusions about unprotected sexual intercourse without first assessing the situation. Choice D is unrelated to the patient's primary concern about vaginal discharge and urinary incontinence.
Question 2 of 5
During a vaginal examination of a 38-year-old woman, the nurse notices that the vulva and vagina are erythematous and edematous with thick, white, curdlike discharge adhering to the vaginal walls. The woman reports intense pruritus and thick white discharge from her vagina. The nurse knows that these history and physical examination findings are most consistent with which condition?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: The key clues in the question are thick, white, curdlike discharge, intense pruritus, erythematous, and edematous vulva and vagina. Step 2: These symptoms are classic for candidiasis, a fungal infection caused by Candida species. Step 3: Candidiasis commonly presents with thick, white discharge, itching, and inflamed vaginal tissues. Step 4: Trichomoniasis (choice B) typically presents with frothy, greenish-yellow discharge and vaginal itching. Step 5: Atrophic vaginitis (choice C) is more common in postmenopausal women and presents with thin, watery discharge and vaginal dryness. Step 6: Bacterial vaginosis (choice D) presents with thin, grayish-white discharge and a fishy odor. Step 7: Therefore, based on the symptoms described in the question, the correct answer is A: Candidiasis.
Question 3 of 5
A 25-year-old woman presents to the clinic with pain in her lower abdomen and an abnormal pap smear result. The nurse suspects that she might have an ectopic pregnancy. Which of the following is the most common symptom of ectopic pregnancy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Severe nausea and vomiting. In an ectopic pregnancy, the fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, commonly in the fallopian tube. As the pregnancy progresses, the tube can rupture, leading to severe internal bleeding. This bleeding can irritate the abdominal lining, causing nausea and vomiting. Severe pain on one side of the lower abdomen (choice A) is also common but not the most common symptom. Pain with urination or bowel movements (choice C) and frequent urination (choice D) are not typical symptoms of ectopic pregnancy.
Question 4 of 5
A 60-year-old woman is undergoing a pelvic examination. During the examination, the nurse finds a mass in the pelvic region that is hard, irregular, and fixed. The nurse's most appropriate course of action would be to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Refer the patient to a gynecologist for further evaluation. Given the characteristics of the mass (hard, irregular, fixed), it raises concerns for possible malignancy. Referring the patient to a gynecologist allows for a specialist to conduct a thorough evaluation, which may include additional imaging studies and biopsies to determine the nature of the mass. Monitoring the mass (choice A) without further evaluation may delay potential diagnosis and treatment. Obtaining a biopsy (choice C) without proper evaluation by a specialist may not be appropriate at this stage. Performing a pelvic ultrasound (choice D) can provide additional information but may not be sufficient for a definitive diagnosis of malignancy.
Question 5 of 5
A 25-year-old woman is concerned about the possibility of an STI. The nurse asks about her sexual history and recommends that she be tested for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Which of the following STIs can be detected through a Pap smear?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Trichomoniasis. A Pap smear can detect abnormal changes in the cervix caused by Trichomoniasis, which is a common STI. The test can identify the presence of the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis. The other choices, A: Chlamydia, B: Gonorrhea, and D: HPV, cannot be detected through a Pap smear as they require specific tests such as urine tests, swab tests, or blood tests. Chlamydia and Gonorrhea are bacterial infections, while HPV is a viral infection that can lead to cervical cancer but is not detectable through a Pap smear alone.