During the immediate postoperative care of the recipient of a kidney transplant, the nurse expects to

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Fluid regulation matching urine output ensures graft function not bloody drainage (complication), frequent pain meds (variable), or early catheter removal (risky). This distinguishes postoperative fluid balance, vital for graft survival, contrasting with surgical concerns.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Adult polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is familial, bilateral, asymptomatic until adulthood, and presents with hematuria/hypertension unilateral involvement is rare. This distinguishes ADPKD's bilateral nature, critical for genetics, contrasting with unilateral misconceptions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Proximal tubules reabsorb nearly all filtered glucose (100% normally), not secreted, partial (60-70%), or passively for amino acids (active). This distinguishes PCT's reabsorptive capacity, vital for nutrient retention, contrasting with secretion or partial views.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Renin rises with hypovolemia, DCT hyponatremia (macula densa), and sympathetic input not PCT (no sensing role). This distinguishes renin triggers, vital for blood pressure regulation, contrasting with tubular mislocation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Struvite (magnesium ammonium phosphate) crystals appear rectangular (coffin-lid shape) under microscopy classic infection stone marker (e.g., urease bacteria). Needle-shaped fits urate or cystine wrong chemistry. Amorphous lacks distinct form, unlike struvite's structure too vague. Hourglass isn't typical confuses with other forms. Rectangular morphology distinguishes struvite, key to identifying infection-driven stones, unlike sharp, shapeless, or misattributed shapes.