ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Cardiovascular Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
During the administration of the thrombolytic agent to a patient with an acute myocardial infarction, the nurse should stop the drug infusion if the patient experiences
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because a decrease in the level of consciousness during thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction can indicate a potential intracranial hemorrhage, a serious complication. Stopping the drug infusion is crucial to prevent further bleeding and worsening the patient's condition. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because bleeding from the gums, an increase in blood pressure, or a nonsustained episode of ventricular tachycardia are not immediate indicators of a life-threatening complication requiring immediate cessation of the drug infusion.
Question 2 of 5
After receiving change-of-shift report about the following four patients on the cardiac care unit, which patient should the nurse assess first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the patient with unstable angina who just returned after a PCI is at the highest risk for complications. Assessing this patient first allows the nurse to monitor for any signs of post-procedure complications such as bleeding, clot formation, or reperfusion injury. Immediate assessment and intervention can prevent adverse outcomes. Choice A is incorrect because although pericarditis can be painful, it is not an immediate priority compared to post-PCI complications. Choice B is incorrect as the patient scheduled to receive nifedipine can be assessed after addressing the more urgent situation. Choice C is incorrect because although anxiety is important, it is not a life-threatening concern compared to the post-PCI patient.
Question 3 of 5
A client is in the first postoperative day after left femoropopliteal revascularization. Which position would be most appropriate for this client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: In high Fowler's position. This position promotes optimal circulation and respiratory function post-femoropopliteal revascularization. Elevating the head and upper body reduces venous return and decreases the risk of deep vein thrombosis. Choices A, C, and D do not provide the same benefits and may impede circulation or respiratory function.
Question 4 of 5
A client with dilated cardiomyopathy, pulmonary edema, and severe dyspnea is placed on dobutamine. Which assessment finding indicates that the drug is effective?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased activity tolerance. Dobutamine is a positive inotrope that increases cardiac contractility, leading to improved cardiac output and oxygen delivery. As a result, the client will experience increased energy levels and improved exercise tolerance. Absence of arrhythmias (B) is important but does not directly indicate the drug's effectiveness. Negative Homans' sign (C) is unrelated to dobutamine therapy. Blood pressure of 160/90 mm Hg (D) does not specifically reflect the drug's effectiveness in this context.
Question 5 of 5
An infant age 2 months has a tentative diagnosis of congenital heart defect. During physical assessment, the nurse notes that the infant has a pulse rate of 168 beats/minute and a respiratory rate of 72 breaths/minute. In which position should the nurse place the infant?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Lying on the back. Placing the infant on the back helps improve respiratory effort and oxygenation by allowing for maximum expansion of the lungs. This position also helps in reducing the workload on the heart, especially crucial in congenital heart defects. It promotes better blood circulation and oxygen delivery. Choice A: Upright in an infant seat may increase the workload on the heart due to the position's effect on blood flow and lung expansion. Choice C: Lying on the abdomen can compromise respiratory effort and decrease oxygenation, which could be detrimental in a child with a congenital heart defect. Choice D: Sitting in high Fowler's position may also add stress to the heart and lungs, potentially worsening the infant's condition.